摘要
目的探究高脂饮食(HFD)和慢性应激(UCS)加重孕期乙醇暴露(PEE)所致成年子代大鼠肾上腺功能异常及其机制。方法孕大鼠随机分为对照组(生理盐水)和PEE 4 g·kg^(-1)组,1 d 1次,并于孕第11 d ig至分娩。出生后第4周(PW4),将对照组仔鼠和PEE组仔鼠分别随机分为正常饮食(ND)组、HFD组和HFD-UCS组(n=20,雌雄各半);各组仔鼠给予相应饮食至PW24,HFD-UCS组于PW21开始给予3周UCS。放射免疫测定法检测血清促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)水平,酶联免疫吸附法检测血清血皮质酮(CORT)水平;实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)法测定肾上腺中类固醇生成因子1(Sf1)、急性调节蛋白(Star)、P450侧链裂解酶(P450scc)、3β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶(3β-Hsd)、21-羟化酶(P450c21)、11β-羟化酶(P450c11)、1型11β-羟类固醇脱氢酶(11β-Hsd1)、11β-Hsd2、盐皮质激素受体(Mr)、糖皮质激素(GC)受体(Gr)、胰岛素样生长因子1(Igf1)、IGF1受体(Igf1r)和丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶1(Akt1)mRNA表达水平;免疫组化法检测AKT1蛋白磷酸化水平。结果与相应对照组相比,PEE组HFD雄性子代血清ACTH和CORT水平显著降低,Star和P450scc、3β-Hsd及P450c11 mRNA表达显著降低,11β-Hsd1 mRNA表达降低、11β-Hsd2 mRNA表达升高、11β-Hsd1/11β-Hsd2比值显著降低,Igf1和Igf1r mRNA和AKT1蛋白磷酸化水平显著增加;HFD-UCS雄性子代血ACTH和CORT水平显著升高,P450scc、3β-Hsd和P450c11 mRNA表达显著升高,11β-Hsd1和11β-Hsd1/11β-Hsd2比值显著升高;Igf1 mRNA和AKT1蛋白磷酸化水平表达显著降低。PEE组HFD雌性子代血ACTH水平显著降低,Igf1、Akt1基因和AKT1蛋白磷酸化水平显著升高;HFD-UCS雌性子代血ACTH和CORT水平显著升高,Sf1和Star、P450scc及P450c11 mRNA表达显著增加,11β-Hsd1和11β-Hsd1/11β-Hsd2比值显著升高,Igf1和Igf1r mRNA表达显著降低。结论HFD和UCS可加重PEE所致成年子代大鼠肾上腺功能异常,肾上腺“GC-IGF1轴”作为一种内分泌负反馈轴,其失代偿可能增加GC相关的多种成年慢性疾病易感性,如糖尿病等。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanisms of adrenal dysfunction among adult offspring rats caused by prenatal ethanol exposure(PEE)aggravated by high-fat diet(HFD)and unpredictable chronic stress(UCS).METHODS Pregnant rats were randomly divided into the control group(saline,ig,once)and PEE group(4 g·kg^(-1),ig,once)from gestational day(GD)11 until delivery.At postnatal week 4(PW4),offspring rats from the control group and PEE group were randomly assigned to three sub-groups:the normal diet(ND)group,HFD group,and HFD-UCS group(n=20 per subgroup,at an equal male-to-female ratio).The rats in each group were given a corresponding diet until PW24.The HFD-UCS group received HFD until PW24,with additional UCS treatment initiated at PW21 and continued for 3 weeks.Serum adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH)levels were measured by radioimmunoassay,and corticosterone(CORT)levels were quantified via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Adrenal mRNA expressions of steroidogenic factor 1(Sf1),steroidogenic acute regulatory protein(Star),cyto-chrome P450 cholesterol side chain cleavage(P450scc),3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase(3β-Hsd),steroid 21-hydroxylase(P450c21),steroid 11β-hydroxylase(P450c11),11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1(11β-Hsd1),11β-Hsd 2,mineralocorticoid receptor(Mr),glucocorticoid receptor(Gr),insulin-like growth factor 1(Igf1),IGF1 receptor(Igf1r),and serine/threonine kinase 1(Akt1)were determined using real-time quantitative PCR.Protein expressions of Akt1 and phosphorylated Akt1(p-Akt1)were analyzed via immunohistochemistry.RESULTS In male offspring,HFD/PEE significantly reduced serum ACTH and CORT levels,downregulated Star,P450scc,3β-Hsd and P450c11 mRNA,decreased 11β-Hsd1 mRNA expressions and 11β-Hsd1/11β-Hsd2 ratio,but increased Igf1,Igf1r mRNA,and p-Akt1 protein.Conversely,HFD-UCS/PEE elevated ACTH,CORT,P450scc,3β-Hsd and P450c11 mRNA,increased 11β-Hsd1 and 11β-Hsd1/11β-Hsd2 ratio while suppressing Igf1 mRNA,and p-Akt1 protein.In females,HFD/PEE decreased ACTH but upregulated Igf1,Akt1 mRNA,and p-Akt1 protein.HFD-UCS/PEE increased ACTH,CORT,Sf1,Star,P450scc and P450c11 mRNA,and 11β-Hsd1/11β-Hsd2 ratio,but reduced lgf1 and Igf1r mRNA.CONCLUSION HFD/UCS can aggravate PEE-induced adrenal dysfunction in adult offspring.The adrenal"GC-IGF1 axis"is an endocrine negative feedback one,and its decompensation may increase the susceptibility of a wide range of GC-related adult chronic diseases,such as diabetes.
作者
黄鹤归
熊颖
张顶梅
何正
汪晖
HUANG Hegui;XIONG Ying;ZHANG Dingmei;HE Zheng;WANG Hui(Department of Pharmacy,Wuhan NO.1 Hospital,Wuhan 430022,China;Department of Pharma-cology,School of Basic Medical Sciences of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430071,China;Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disorder,Wuhan 430071,China;Department of Anesthesiology,Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430071,China)
出处
《中国药理学与毒理学杂志》
北大核心
2025年第6期432-443,共12页
Chinese Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology
基金
国家自然科学基金(82301937)
湖北省自然科学基金(2023AFB1053)。
关键词
孕期乙醇暴露
肾上腺甾体合成
宫内编程
糖皮质激素活化系统
prenatal ethanol exposure
adrenal steroidogenesis
intrauterine programming
gluco-corticoid-insulin-like growth factor 1 axis
