摘要
铅酸电池主要成分铅的回收率虽已达到较高水平,但传统回收工艺如火法冶金存在能耗高、污染控制成本大等问题。综述铅酸电池绿色回收技术的进展。介绍铅酸电池的基本特性和组成,强调高度的可回收性和环境友好处理的必要性。比较多种先进的湿法冶金和直接电解技术,如铅酸电池铅膏循环处理工艺、基于固-液电解还原的铅回收技术等。这些技术在提高铅回收率、减少环境污染方面展示出巨大潜力,但面临副产品处理和成本控制的难题。从环境污染控制、资源再利用效益及经济效益等3个方面,阐述废旧铅酸电池回收的环保价值,强调循环经济和可持续发展的重要性。
Although the recycling rate of the primary component lead of lead-acid battery has reached a high level,traditional recycling processes such as pyrometallurgy are characterized by high energy consumption and significant pollution control costs.The advancements in green recycling technologies for lead-acid battery is reviewed.The basic characteristics and composition of lead-acid battery is introduced,the high recyclability and the necessity for environmentally friendly processing are emphasized.Different advanced hydrometallurgical and direct electrolysis technologies,the lead-acid battery paste recycling treatment process and Pb recovery technology based on solid-liquid electrolytic reduction are compared.These technologies show great potential in improving lead recovery rates and reducing environmental pollution but also face challenges related to by-product treatment and cost control.Elucidates the environmental value of recycling waste lead-acid battery from three aspects:pollution control,resource reuse benefits and economic benefits,highlighting the importance of a circular economy and sustainable development.
作者
黄镇财
陈晖
黄柳仙
HUANG Zhencai;CHEN Hui;HUANG Liuxian(School of Automotive Engineering,Liuzhou Polytechnic University,Liuzhou 545006,Guangxi,China)
出处
《电池》
北大核心
2025年第3期622-627,共6页
Battery Bimonthly
基金
广西自然科学基金资助项目(2023GXNSFAA026436)
柳州职业技术大学科研重大课题(2023KA07)。
关键词
铅酸电池
火法冶金
湿法冶金
直接电解
绿色回收
循环经济
lead-acid battery
pyrometallurgy
hydrometallurgy
direct electrolysis
green recycling
circular economy
