摘要
目的探究老年人言语交际障碍的现状及影响因素。方法2023年12月—2024年2月采用便利抽样法,选取江苏省和河南省共391例老年人作为研究对象。依据国际汉语能力标准评定将其分为言语交际障碍者和非言语交际障碍者,采用一般资料调查表、老年人听力障碍筛查量表简化版(HHIE-S)、简版老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)统计两者资料,采用logistic回归分析老年人言语交际障碍的影响因素。结果老年人言语交际障碍的发生率为8.95%(35/391);有无言语交际障碍的老年人在文化程度、婚姻状况、人格特征、居住环境、听力障碍、视觉障碍、吸烟、子女交流、抑郁方面比较差异具有统计学意义(P均<0.05);logistic回归分析结果显示,未婚(OR=44.397,95%CI:1.806~1091.525,P=0.020),居住环境为小区(OR=5.722,95%CI:1.610~20.356,P=0.007)、自建房(OR=8.285,95%CI:1.266~54.217,P=0.027),听力障碍(OR=3.897,95%CI:1.196~12.694,P=0.024),抑郁(OR=9.560,95%CI:2.284~40.018,P=0.002)是老年人发生言语交际障碍的影响因素。结论老年人言语交际障碍的发生率呈上升趋势。未婚、居住环境为小区和自建房、听力障碍、抑郁是老年人言语交际障碍的危险因素。
Objective To explore the current situation and influencing factors of speech communication disorders in the elderly.Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select 391 elderly people from Jiangsu Province and Henan Province as the research subjects.According to the International Chinese Language Proficiency Standards,they were divided into those with speech communication disorders and those without.General information questionnaires,the simplified version of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly(HHIE-S),and the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS-15)were used to collect data from both groups.Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the influencing factors of speech communication disorders in the elderly.Results The incidence of speech communication disorders in the elderly was 8.95%(35/391).There were statistically significant differences between the elderly with and without speech communication disorders in terms of educational level,marital status,personality traits,living environment,hear⁃ing impairment,visual impairment,smoking,communication with children,and depression(all P<0.05).Logistic regres⁃sion analysis showed that being unmarried(OR=44.397,95%CI:1.806-1091.525,P=0.020),living in a community(OR=5.722,95%CI:1.610-20.356,P=0.007),living in self-built houses(OR=8.285,95%CI:1.266-54.217,P=0.027),hearing impairment(OR=3.897,95%CI:1.196-12.694,P=0.024),and depression(OR=9.560,95%CI:2.284-40.018,P=0.002)were risk factors for speech communication disorders in the elderly.Conclusions The inci⁃dence of speech communication disorders in the elderly is on the rise.Being unmarried,living in a community or self-built houses,hearing impairment,and depression are risk factors for speech communication disorders in the elderly.
作者
谢晓祺
王丹丹
耿艺菡
李雪峰
封芳
袁雨璐
杨寒
姜城颖
XIE Xiaoqi;WANG Dandan;GENG Yihan;LI Xuefeng;FENG Fang;YUAN Yulu;YANG Han;JIANG Chengying(Department of Nursing,Kangda College,Nanjing Medical University,Lianyungang 222000,China;Department of Geriatrics,the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City,Lianyungang 222000,China)
出处
《老年医学研究》
2025年第3期37-41,共5页
Geriatrics Research
基金
2024年省级大学生创新创业计划项目(202413980021Y,老年人沟通效率量表的汉化及心理测量学属性检测)
南京医科大学康达学院科研发展基金课题(KD2023KYJJ007,基于对话理论的老年人友好型言语交际模式构建研究)
江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究课题(2024SJYB1359,MCI老年人言语交际障碍前哨症状识别及干预方案设计与初步应用研究)。
关键词
言语交际障碍
言语交际水平
听力障碍
抑郁
老年人
speech communication disorders
the proficiency level of verbal communication
hearing impairment
depression
aged
