摘要
随着经济的持续繁荣与城乡一体化政策的不断深化,中国城乡居民的经济状况得到了显著改善,收入水平实现了飞跃。为探究教育因素对城乡收入分化趋势的影响,本研究构建综合评价指标体系,利用中国31个省份(未包括港澳台)2005—2021年的省际面板数据,运用OLS模型、固定效应模型、分位数回归分析教育因素对城乡收入分化趋势的影响。结果表明:教育水平对城乡收入差距具有显著的负向影响关系,并且教育水平和城乡收入差距之间存在倒“U”型关系,需要更加重视教育在缩小城乡收入差距的作用;异质性分析揭示了教育在缓解城乡收入差距方面因地区经济发展水平而异,西部地区效果最明显,其次为中部地区,最后为东部地区,经济越为落后的地区,教育在缩小城乡收入差距中的作用越为明显。因此,政府要发挥好财政作用,完善学前教育机构、加强职业教育和技能培训,发挥好教育在缩小城乡收入差距中的作用。
With the continuous prosperity of economy and the continuous deepening of the urban-rural integration policy,the economic situation of urban and rural residents in China has been significantly improved,and the income level has achieved a leap.In order to explore the influence of education factors on the trend of urban-rural income differentiation,this paper constructed a comprehensive evaluation index system,and used the inter-provincial panel data of 31 provinces(not including Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan)in China from 2005 to 2021 to study the impact of education factors on the urban-rural income gap through OLS model,fixed-effect model and quantile regression method.The results showed that the education level has a significant negative impact on the urban-rural income gap,and there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between education level and urban-rural income gap,so more attention needs to be paid to the role of education in narrowing the urban-rural income gap.Heterogeneity analysis showed that education has different effects on narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas in regions with different levels of economic development,with the most obvious effect in the western region,followed by the central region,and finally the eastern region,and the more economically backward the region,the more obvious the role of education in narrowing the urban-rural income gap.Therefore,the government should give full play to its financial role,improve pre-school educational institutions,and strengthen vocational education and skills training,and play the role of education in narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas.
作者
李世钰
蒋志辉
Li Shiyu;Jiang Zhihui(College of Economics and Management,Tarim University,Aral 843300,Xinjiang)
出处
《农业展望》
2025年第2期59-67,共9页
Agricultural Outlook
基金
塔里木大学研究生科研创新项目(TDGRI202369)的阶段性成果。
