摘要
水力压裂是深部煤层气高效开发的重要手段,但目前仍然面临不同储层地质条件下压裂改造技术适应性差,压后生产效果差异大等难题,迫切需要建立科学、有效的压裂效果评估方法体系,为深部煤层压裂设计优化和高效开发提供支撑。文章全面回顾了压裂改造效果的评估方法。首先,对压裂效果实时评估方法进行了系统总结,涵盖了微地震监测法、广域电磁法、分布式光纤传感监测技术、施工曲线分析、基于停泵压降的裂缝参数反演法、高频压力监测以及远探测声波监测;其次,详细介绍了基于施工参数拟合的评估方法,主要对净压力拟合分析解释、施工曲线拟合模拟裂缝扩展以及水力压裂-油藏模拟与人工智能相结合的地质工程一体化评价方法进行对比分析;此外,对基于生产数据的压后评估方法进行详尽分析和总结,包括不稳定试井、基于返排数据的裂缝参数反演等。深入对比分析了不同评估方法的优势和局限。最后,总结了当前压裂效果评估方法面临的挑战,并对深部煤层压裂改造效果评估方法的发展及应用进行了展望,以期为压裂效果科学评估体系建立和推动压后评估向智能化发展提供参考。
Hydraulic fracturing is a crucial technique for efficient development of deep coalbed methane reservoirs.However,there are still many challenges,such as poor adaptability of fracturing technology under different reservoir geological conditions and huge differences in post-fracturing productivity.Therefore,there is an urgent need for establishing a scientific and effective stimulation effect evaluation system to support fracturing design optimization and efficient development of deep coal seams.This article comprehensively reviewed fracturing effect evaluation methods.First,the real-time fracturing effect evaluation methods were systematically summarized,including microseismic monitoring,the wide-filed electromagnetic method,fiber optic sensing technologies for distributed monitoring,the treating curve analysis,the pressure fall-off-data-based fracture property inversion method,high frequency pressure monitoring,and far-field acoustic-based monitoring.Then,detailed introduction of operation-parameter-fitting-based methods was provided.The net pressure fitting and analysis,treating curve fitting and fracture propagation simulation,and the geology-engineering integrated method combining fracturing,reservoir simulation,and artificial intelligence were compared and analyzed.Moreover,production-data-based post-fracturing evaluation methods were summarized and analyzed,including transient well testing,fracture property inversion based on flowback data,etc.The advantages and limitations of different evaluation methods are compared and analyzed comprehensively.Finally,the challenges of the current fracturing effect evaluation methods are summarized,and the future development and application of these methods in deep coal seams are discussed,aiming at providing a reference for the establishment of a scientific fracturing effect evaluation system and more intelligent post-fracturing evaluation methods.
作者
郭建春
曾杰
赵志红
张涛
翟利晓
GUO Jianchun;ZENG Jie;ZHAO Zhihong;ZHAGN Tao;ZHAI Lixiao(State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,China)
出处
《钻采工艺》
北大核心
2025年第3期36-47,共12页
Drilling & Production Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“深层煤岩基质-裂隙非平衡状态下渗透率演化规律及产气机理研究”(编号:52404045)。
关键词
深层煤岩
水力压裂
压裂效果评估
deep coal rock
hydraulic fracturing
fracturing effect evaluation
