摘要
纤维增强石膏基复合材料(FRGCS)凭借其优异的力学性能、环境友好性和可持续性,已成为现代建筑材料领域的研究热点。石膏原料来源广泛,既包括天然石膏(NG),也涵盖脱硫石膏、磷石膏等工业副产品。然而,传统石膏基材料存在脆性大、抗冲击性弱、耐湿性不足等固有缺陷,严重制约了其在承重结构和潮湿环境中的应用。近年来,研究者通过掺入植物纤维、合成纤维或矿物纤维对石膏基体进行改性,显著提升了复合材料的断裂韧性、抗弯强度和耐久性。大量研究表明,经过优化的FRGCS不仅保留了石膏材料防火、调湿、隔热的特性,还展现出卓越的损伤容限和变形能力,为工业副产石膏的高值化利用开辟了新途径。本文系统综述了纤维表面改性技术、纤维-基体界面调控方法以及纤维掺量对复合材料工作性能的影响机制,并对FRGCS在绿色建筑中的工程应用前景进行了展望,为该领域的后续研究提供了理论参考和技术支撑。
Fiber⁃reinforced gypsum matrix composites(FRGCS)have become a research hotspot in the field of modern building materials due to their excellent mechanical properties,environmental friendliness and sustainability.Gypsum raw materials have a wide range of sources,including not only natural gypsum(NG),but also industrial by⁃products such as desulfurization gypsum and phosphogypsum.However,traditional gypsum⁃based materials have inherent defects such as high brittleness,weak impact resistance and insufficient moisture resistance,which seriously restrict their application in load⁃bearing structures and humid environments.In recent years,researchers have modified the gypsum matrix by adding plant fibers,synthetic fibers or mineral fibers,significantly enhancing the fracture toughness,flexural strength and durability of composite materials.A large number of studies have shown that the optimized FRGCS not only retains the fire resistance,moisture regulation and heat insulation properties of gypsum materials,but also demonstrates excellent damage tolerance and deformation capacity,opening up a new way for the high⁃value utilization of industrial by⁃product gypsum.This paper systematically reviews the surface modification technology of fibers,the regulation methods of the fiber⁃matrix interface,and the influence mechanism of fiber dosage on the working performance of composite materials.It also looks forward to the engineering application prospects of FRGCS in green buildings,providing theoretical references and technical support for the subsequent research in this field.
作者
庹浪
陶忠
TUO Lang;TAO Zhong(Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Yunnan Earthquake Engineering Research Institute,Kunming 650503,China)
出处
《材料导报》
北大核心
2025年第S1期398-404,共7页
Materials Reports
基金
云南省科技厅重点研发计划(202003AC100001)。
关键词
石膏基复合材料(GCs)
脆性材料
力学性能
断裂韧性
纤维-基体界面调控
绿色建筑应用
gypsum matrix composites(GCs)
brittle materials
mechanical property
fracture toughness
fiber⁃matrix interface regulation
green building applications
