摘要
受社会经济发展水平等因素影响,当前编外教师是县域义务教育教师队伍的重要组成部分。本文基于X省11个县义务教育教师问卷调查数据,综合采用多种计量经济学方法,发现县域义务教育教师劳动力市场存在明显的编制分割特征,即编外教师在薪酬收入、社保缴纳、职称评定、培训参与等方面较在编教师劣势明显。编制是造成县域义务教育教师劳动力市场出现市场分割特征的制度性因素。编制分割通过促使编外教师离职进而缩短编外教师的教龄,或通过降低编外教师职称评定可能性这两项机制增大编内外教师的薪酬收入差异。此外,受教育年限长、师范专业毕业、男性教师更容易获得编制;学校所在县的经济越发达,教师入编难度越大。编制分割强化了编外教师的离职倾向,对县域义务教育学校的教育质量存在负面影响。基于实证研究结果,本文从倾斜编制资源、规范编外用师、增加财政投入等方面提出政策建议。
Affected by social and economic development level and other factors,unestablished teachers are still an important part of the county compulsory education teachers.Based on the questionnaire survey data of compulsory education teachers in 11 counties of X province,this paper comprehensively adopts various econometric methods to carry out research,and finds that the labor market of compulsory education teachers in counties has obvious characteristics of establishment segmentation,that is,unestablished teachers have obvious disadvantages in salary income,social security,professional title evaluation and training participation.Establishment is an institutional factor that causes the labor market segmentation of compulsory education teachers in counties.The establishment segmentation increases the salary gap between the two types of teachers by promoting the resignation of unestablished teachers and reducing the possibility of their professional title evaluation.Teachers who have been educated for a long time,graduated from normal schools and are male are easier to get the establishment.The more developed the economy of the county where the school is located,the more difficult it is for teachers to get the establishment.The establishment segmentation increases the turnover tendency of unestablished teachers,and has a negative impact on the education quality of county compulsory education schools.Based on the empirical research results,this paper further puts forward some policy suggestions from the aspects of inclining establishment resources,standardizing the use of unestablished teachers and increasing financial input.
作者
郭丛斌
李世奇
林英杰
吴宇川
GUO Congbin;LI Shiqi;LIN Yingjie;WU Yuchuan
出处
《北京大学教育评论》
北大核心
2025年第2期91-108,190,191,共20页
Peking University Education Review
基金
教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目(22JJD880003)
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(24YJC880146)
中国博士后科学基金第76批面上资助(2024M760128)。
