摘要
为揭示不同类型酸雨对杉木凋落叶分解过程中土壤微生物的影响,以13年生杉木林为研究对象,采用凋落袋分解方法,通过设置不同类型酸雨(硫酸型、硝酸型、混合酸型)野外模拟试验,分别在凋落叶分解180、360 d后取凋落叶覆盖下的土壤测定微生物群落组成及多样性,构建群落共现网络,研究不同类型酸雨对杉木凋落叶分解过程中土壤微生物群落组成、多样性及相互关系的影响。结果表明:酸雨处理后改变了土壤微生物部分优势类群相对丰度,凋落叶分解180 d时硝酸处理的土壤酸杆菌门相对丰度比对照显著增加7.35%(P<0.05),凋落叶分解360 d时混合酸处理的土壤放线菌门的相对丰度较对照显著增加38.8%(P<0.05),表明凋落叶分解时间和酸雨类型驱动了土壤优势菌门的演替。凋落叶分解时间对土壤微生物多样性的影响大于酸雨类型,土壤细菌群落的α多样性受凋落叶分解时间和酸雨类型的显著影响(P<0.05),而土壤真菌群落的α多样性仅对凋落叶分解时间敏感。酸雨类型对土壤细菌群落β多样性的影响大于土壤真菌群落。酸雨提高了土壤微生物互作网络的复杂性,促使土壤微生物间互动频率增加,抑制了土壤微生物协作,加剧了土壤微生物竞争。结合网络复杂度与互作关系变化,证明酸雨通过强化竞争性互作驱动土壤微生物群落从协作模式向竞争模式转变,酸雨类型从硫酸型向硝酸型转变过程中,土壤微生物群落的共现网络复杂度下降,微生物之间的竞争减少。
To reveal the effects of different acid rain types on soil microbes during the decomposition of Cunninghamia lanceolata leaf litter,a field simulation experiment was conducted with the leaf litter bag decomposition method in a 13-year-old C.lanceolata forest.Different types of acid rain(H 2SO 4,mix,and HNO 3)were simulated.Soil samples were collected after 180 days and 360 days of decomposition to determine the composition and diversity of the microbial community and to construct co-occurrence networks.In addition,the relationship of acid rain types with microbial community composition and diversity was explored.The results showed that acid rain treatments altered the abundance of some dominant microbial groups in the soil.After 180 days of decomposition,the relative abundance of Acidobacteria in the soil under nitric acid treatment increased by 7.35%compared with that in the control(P<0.05).After 360 days of decomposition,the relative abundance of Actinobacteria in the soil under mixed acid treatment increased by 38.8%compared with that in the control(P<0.05),indicating that the decomposition duration of the leaf litter and the type of acid rain drove the succession of dominant microbial phyla in the soil.The decomposition duration of the leaf litter had a greater impact on soil microbial diversity than the type of acid rain.The soil bacterialα-diversity was affected by both the decomposition time of the leaf litter and the type of acid rain(P<0.05),while the soil fungalα-diversity was only sensitive to the decomposition duration of the leaf litter.The type of acid rain had a greater impact on the soil bacterialβ-diversity than on the soil fungalβ-diversity.Acid rain increased the complexity of the soil microbial interaction network,increased the interaction frequency among soil microorganisms,inhibited soil microbial collaboration,and intensified soil microbial competition.The changes in network complexity and interaction relationships proved that acid rain drove the transformation of the soil microbial community from a collaborative mode to a competitive mode by strengthening competitive interactions.During the transition of acid rain from sulfuric acid type to nitric acid type,the complexity of the soil microbial co-occurrence network decreased,and the competition among microorganisms reduced.
作者
艾宇
褚宣佑
刘雨晖
李明
吴鹏飞
马祥庆
AI Yu;CHU Xuanyou;LIU Yuhui;LI Ming;WU Pengfei;MA Xiangqing(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Chinese Fir Engineering Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Xinkou Teaching Forest,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Sanming,Fujian 365000,China)
出处
《森林与环境学报》
北大核心
2025年第4期337-346,共10页
Journal of Forest and Environment
基金
“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目“杉木大径级无节良材培育技术”(2021YFD2201302)
人工林可持续经营福建省高校工程研究中心资助(KJG23012AYX)。
关键词
杉木林
酸雨
土壤微生物
凋落叶分解
共现网络
Chinese fir plantation
acid rain
soil microbes
leaf litter decomposition
co-occurrence network
