摘要
构建有中国特色的刑事证据体系需要深刻理解和系统考量适用于我国刑事司法的基础证据理论,刑事证据合法性理论即为其一。证据合法性理论的发展与刑事证据规则的设立及适用密切相关,对构建以证据为中心的刑事指控体系和以审判为中心的刑事诉讼改革具有深远影响。学界对证据合法性的定位较为机械,影响了理论层面动态理解合法性概念的外延扩展,也在一定程度上禁锢了实务界对合法性理论的有效运用。目前,证据合法性存在理论杂糅、规范缺失及实践混乱的三维困境,为此需要立足我国刑事司法实际,分析问题背后的价值博弈局面,并以辩证唯物主义哲学为指导。在《刑事诉讼法》再修改中,应当审慎选择适宜于我国法治实践的证据合法性理论进路,构建科学化、规范化和现代化的刑事证据规范体系,完善刑事证据合法性的实施机制,为实现以证据为中心的刑事指控体系和以审判为中心的刑事诉讼改革提供坚实的理论、规范及实践基础。
Constructing a Criminal Evidence System with Chinese Characteristics requires a profound understanding and systematic consideration of the fundamental evidence theories applicable to China's criminal justice practices.The development of the legitimacy of evidence theory shares an extricable link with criminal evidence rules'setting and application,exerting far-reaching impacts on building an evidence-centered criminal prosecution system and advancing the trial-centered reform of criminal procedures.However,academic community has been implementing a relatively rigid conceptualization of evidence legitimacy,as a result,it hampers the dynamic theoretical expansion of its connotation and meanwhile limits the practical application of legitimacy theory in judicial contexts.At present,the legitimacy of evidence faces a triangulated issue:theoretical ambiguity,normative deficiencies,and practical inconsistencies.For the purpose of elucidating conceptual structures and optimizing normative guidelines,it is requisite to allocate resources toward China's criminal justice realities,evaluate the potential value incongruities,and apply the principles of dialectical materialism philosophy as theoretical cornerstone.In the course of present amendment process of the Criminal Procedure Law,a prudent and methodical theoretical pathway for evidence legitimacy must be adopted in alignment with China's rule-of-law practices,to build a scientific,standardized and modernized system of criminal evidence norms,improve the implementation mechanism of the legality of criminal evidence,providing a rigorous theoretical and practical foundation for realizing an evidence-driven prosecution framework and promoting trial-centered procedural reforms.
出处
《法学》
北大核心
2025年第5期147-163,共17页
Law Science
基金
广东省哲学社会科学规划2024年度习近平法治思想研究专项课题“广东政法机关办理轻微犯罪诉讼程序研究”(项目编号:GD24XFZ14)的阶段性成果。
关键词
刑事诉讼改革
证据合法性
证据属性
程序正义
刑事指控体系
reform of criminal procedure
legality of evidence
attribute of evidence
procedural justice
criminal accusation system
