摘要
论文以18~35周岁,前往东亚和东南亚等地,受雇于国外/境外企业或机构,集中在制造业、建筑业、农业、养殖业等产业的中国合同劳工为研究对象,从经济流动、消费流动、文化流动、地位流动等方面,探究跨国劳工移民的社会流动体验及影响机制。研究显示,对外劳务合作劳工产生多样化、阶段性的社会流动体验,收入增加的同时职业地位水平流动或下降。体验“相悖的”经济流动;消费向下流动,消费水平下降,居所空间缩小,住区相对隔离;呈现矛盾的文化流动,体验现代化与“污名化”,文化上浅层融合、深层区隔。劳工移民收入与职业地位不匹配,主要受国家间工资水平和二元劳动力市场结构影响,这拓展了收入和职业地位关系的研究;消费领域文化资本发挥作用有限,而经济资本和制度结构发挥作用更大;跨国文化资本中他们的跨文化知识与能力较强,对他国文化的开放态度较弱,这拓展了社会流动的文化转向。
This study focuses on Chinese contract workers aged 18–35 employed in East and Southeast Asia,especially in industries like manufacturing,construction,agriculture and aquaculture.From aspects such as economic mobility,consumption mobility,cultural mobility,and status mobility,this paper explores their diverse and phased experiences of social mobility.The findings reveal paradoxical patterns—while income may rise,occupational status tends to stagnate or decline.Consumption often decreases,living conditions shrink,and residential segregation intensifies.Cultural mobility is marked by a simultaneous experience of modernization and stigmatization,with shallow integration and deep separation.The mismatch between income and occupational status is primarily shaped by inter-country wage disparities and dual labor market structures.Economic and institutional capital play a greater role than cultural capital,and although workers possess strong cross-cultural knowledge,their openness to host cultures remains limited.These insights contribute to the cultural turn in mobility studies.
作者
刘兴花
王勇
LIU Xing-hua;WANG Yong(School of Marxism,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;School of Marxism,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China)
出处
《华侨华人历史研究》
2025年第2期14-24,共11页
Journal of Overseas Chinese History Studies
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“全球疫情背景下海外中国劳工的生存困境及权益保障研究”(21CSH081)
湖北青少年思想道德教育研究中心2025年后期资助课题“新时代青少年社会流动研究”(HX2025020)之阶段性成果。
关键词
国际移民
对外劳务
跨国劳工
中国劳工
社会流动
international migration
overseas labor
transnational labor
Chinese workers
social mobility
