摘要
我国露天煤矿产量现已突破10亿t,约占全国产煤总量的23%,已步入世界露天采煤大国行列。多数露天煤矿开采程序为分区开采,并在采场内进行排土回填,开采方向两侧的端帮边坡随工作帮与内排土场推进而呈现出“形成—掩埋—消亡”的周期性演化规律。端帮下压覆的煤层在被内排土场掩埋后难以二次开采,导致该部分资源永久浪费,国内外学者已就回收端帮压煤做出了积极探索与实践。对靠帮开采、端帮采煤、相邻采区(采场)协调开采这3类主要方法展开综述,介绍了方法形成的背景与发展历程,归纳了方法应用场景,回顾了方法研究成果,讨论了方法所面临的技术难点,提出了靠帮开采与端帮采煤技术的研究方向,并结合国内露天开采行业发展方向,提出了5种端帮压煤回收构想,为资源进一步回收利用提供了研究思路。
China's coal production from open-pit mines has exceeded 1 billion tons,accounting for about 23%of its total coal production.China has stepped into the advanced ranks of the world's major open-pit coal mining countries.The vast majority of open-pit mines operate by the steps of first mining by areas and then backfilling dumps inside the pits.With the advance of a working slope and the inner dump,the end slopes on both sides of the mining direction exhibit the cyclic evolution law of"Formation-Burial-Extinction".It is difficult to exploit coal resources buried by inner dumps,leading to the permanent waste of this part of resources.Scholars worldwide have conducted extensive research on recovering end-slope resources in open-pit coal mines.This study provided a review regarding three main types of methods,namely steep end-slope mining,highwall mining,and coordination mining in adjacent mining areas(stopes).Specifically,it clarified the formation background and development history of these methods,summarized their application scenarios,reviewed corresponding research results,and discussed technical difficulties facing these methods.Furthermore,research directions of steep end-slope mining and highwall mining were proposed.Finally,considering the development pattern of China's open-pit mining industry,five different concepts for recovering end-slope coal resources were put forward,which serve to provide research ideas for further recycling and utilizing such coal resources.
作者
周伟
田涯
王知乐
才庆祥
涂立啸
李蕊
ZHOU Wei;TIAN Ya;WANG Zhile;CAI Qingxiang;TU Lixiao;LI Rui(State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221116,China;High-Tech Research Center for Open Pit Mines,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221116,China;School of Mines,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221116,China)
出处
《采矿与安全工程学报》
北大核心
2025年第3期497-509,共13页
Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFF1306001)
国家自然科学基金项目(52374145)。
关键词
露天煤矿
端帮资源
靠帮开采
端帮采煤
协调开采
采区留沟
采场贯通
open-pit coal mine
end-slope resource
steep end-slope mining
highwall mining
coordination mining
remaining ditch of mining area
stope through
