摘要
在新疆伊犁小叶白蜡国家级自然保护区对国家二级濒危植物天山梣(也称新疆小叶白蜡,Fraxinus sogdiana)进行大样本调查,以了解该种群现存状态,预测种群发展趋势。以径级结构代替年龄结构,编制种群静态生命表,分析种群结构,绘制种群存活曲线、死亡率曲线和生存分析函数曲线,计算种群动态指数,采用谱分析探讨种群波动周期。结果表明:1)喀什河东、喀什河西天山梣种群和种群总体均为增长型年龄结构,且存活曲线均趋于Deevey-Ⅱ型;2)喀什河东种群和种群总体死亡高峰在Ⅳ、Ⅶ、Ⅹ龄级,喀什河西种群死亡高峰仅在V龄级;3)喀什河东、喀什河西种群和种群总体在忽略外部干扰时的动态变化指数(V_(pi))和受外部干扰时的动态变化指数(V′_(pi))均大于0,显示均为增长型种群,喀什河东种群V′_(pi)更趋近0,即更能抵御外部随机环境干扰;4)生存分析显示,不同生境种群的生存率和累计死亡率均在Ⅱ–Ⅲ龄级达到平衡,喀什河东种群危险率曲线波动幅度较小,喀什河东相对更适合种群生存;5)谱分析表明,天山梣种群的波动主要受其自身生物学特征控制,喀什河东种群和种群总体还存在大周期内多谐波迭加的小周期波动特征。建议保护和改善天山梣生存环境,精准抚育第Ⅰ、Ⅱ龄级个体,促进种群的天然更新和发展。
Aims To understand the current state of the population of Fraxinus sogdiana,a second-grade endangered species in China,and predict its development trend,a large sample survey was conducted in the Xinjiang Ili Fraxinus sogdiana National Nature Reserve.Methods By replacing the age structure with the diameter at breast height structure,a population static life table was compiled and related population structure was analyzed.The survival curve,mortality curve and survival analysis function curve were drawn,and population dynamic index was calculated,and the population fluctuation cycle was explored via using spectral analysis.Important findings 1)The populations of F.sogdiana on the east and west of the Kax River and total population exhibited growing age structure,with the survival curves towards Deevey-Ⅱtype.2)The mortality peaks for the population on the east of the Kax River and total population were in the age classes ofⅣ、Ⅶ、and Ⅹ,while those on the west of Kax River population class had a mortality peak in age class V.3)The dynamic change index ignoring the external interference(V_(pi))and dynamic change index under external interference(V′_(pi))of the populations on the east and west of the Kax River and total population were greater than 0,indicating that they were growing-type populations.But the Vpi¢of population on the east of the Kax River was close to 0,suggesting that it was more resistant to external random environmental interference.4)Survival analysis revealed that the survival rate and cumulative mortality rate of populations in different habitats reached equilibrium in age classesⅡ-Ⅲ.The hazard rate curve of the population on the east of the Kax River exhibited relatively smaller fluctuations,indicating that this area is more suitable for the growth of F.sogdiana.5)Spectral analysis showed that the fluctuations of F.sogdiana populations are primarily controlled by their own biological characteristics.The population on the east of the Kax River and total population exhibited small cycle fluctuation characteristics with multiple harmonics superimposed during the large cycle.It is recommended protecting and improving habitat of F.sogdiana,accurately nurturing individuals in age classes I and II,and promoting the natural regeneration and development of the population.
作者
贾妍妍
柳华清
解欣然
王博
张维
杨允菲
JIA Yan-Yan;LIU Hua-Qing;XIE Xin-Ran;WANG Bo;ZHANG Wei;YANG Yun-Fei(College of Biological Sciences and Technology,Yili Normal University,Yining,Xinjiang 835000,China;School of Resources and Environment,Yili Normal University,Yining,Xinjiang 835000,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Protection and Utilization in Xinjiang Yili Valley,Yining,Xinjiang 835000,China)
出处
《植物生态学报》
北大核心
2025年第5期760-772,共13页
Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金(31560095)
伊犁师范大学提升学科综合实力专项(22XKZZ02)资助。
关键词
天山梣
濒危植物
种群结构
静态生命表
生存分析
谱分析
Fraxinus sogdiana
endangered species
population structure
static life table
survival analysis
spectral analysis
