摘要
为明确氮、磷、钾肥不同配方施肥对高海拔地区青稞生长发育及产量的影响,以及青稞肥料利用率情况。本研究在刚察地区开展田间试验,采取不同施肥处理下对作物生育期、群体动态、生物产量以及植株籽粒养分含量进行分析。试验结果表明,氮肥对青稞生育期的影响最明显,其次为磷肥,钾肥对生育期的影响不明显;氮磷钾区各项经济性状指标和籽粒氮、磷、钾含量最高;对作物籽粒和茎叶产量综合影响最大的是氮肥,磷肥次之,钾肥最小,氮磷钾区产量较无钾区、无磷区、无氮区、空白区,籽粒分别增产0.97%、16.89%、29.26%、41.93%,茎叶分别增产0.27%、6.86%、26.37%、48.69%;氮磷钾对籽粒的相互协同作用略大于茎叶;氮肥利用率最高,其次为钾肥,磷肥最低。这为今后刚察县化肥减量增效、耕地保护与质量提升及科学施肥提供参考。
To assess the effects of various formulations of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilization on the growth,development,and yield of highland barley Hordeum vulgare,as well as on the fertilizer utilization rate of this cultivar.In this study,field experiments were conducted in the Gangcha area,focusing on the observation of crop growth periods,population dynamics,biological yields,and the determination of grain nutrient content under various fertilization treatments.The results indicated that nitrogen fertilizer had the most pronounced effect on the growth period of highland barley H.vulgare,followed by phosphate fertilizer,while potassium fertilizer showed no significant impact on the growth period,The economic traits and the contents of N,P,and K in grain were highest in the NPK region,Compared to areas with no potassium(K),no phosphorus(P),no nitrogen(N),and blank controls,the yield in the NPK region increased by 0.97%,16.89%,29.26%,and 41.93%,respectively.Similarly,the yield of stems and leaves increased by 0.27%,6.86%,26.37%,and 48.69%,respectively.The synergistic effect of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium on grain yield was slightly greater than that on stem and leaf yield,The utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer was the highest,followed by potassium fertilizer,with phosphate fertilizer showing the lowest utilization rate.Comprehensive analysis revealed that nitrogen fertilizer had the greatest influence on the growth,development,and yield of highland barley H.vulgare,followed by phosphate fertilizer,with potassium fertilizer having the least impact.It serves as a reference for fertilizer reduction and efficiency improvement,cultivated land protection and quality enhancement,as well as for scientific fertilization practices in Gangcha County in the future.
作者
李民军
王鹏
LI Minjun;WANG Peng(Gangcha Comprehensive Service Center of Agriculture,Animal Husbandry andWater Conservancy,Gangcha Qinghai 812399,China)
出处
《青海农林科技》
2025年第2期91-95,111,共6页
Science and Technology of Qinghai Agriculture and Forestry
关键词
青稞
氮磷钾
肥料利用率
田间试验
Hulless vulgare
Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium
Fertilizer use efficiency
Field experiment
