摘要
废弃生物质是一种廉价的可再生资源,由其制备的生物质活性炭具有高比表面积、高导热性和高导电性等特性,在电化学应用方面具有巨大潜力。采用氢氧化钾(KOH)化学活化和氮掺杂的方法,成功制备榛子壳活性炭,并将其加入热固性聚氨酯(PU)中,利用电化学工作站、差示扫描量热仪、扫描电子显微镜、拉曼光谱、X射线衍射和BET等表征手段,对其电化学性能、热力学性能及显微结构等进行分析。结果表明:氮掺杂榛子壳活性炭(HSAC)具有三维多孔状结构,平均孔径在6 nm以下,在PU基体中具有良好的分散性。HSAC/PU复合材料具有良好的热稳定性,在6 mol/L KOH电解液中表现出良好的电化学性能。在0.5 A/g的电流密度下,HSAC/PU-0.5的比电容为187.6 F/g,且具备出色的速率能力(20 A/g时为157.6 F/g),电容保持率为83.9%。
Discarded biomass constitutes an economical and renewable resource,and the activated carbon derived from the biomass boasts several advantageous properties,including a high specific surface area,elevated thermal conductivity,and significant electrical conductivity.These characteristics confer upon it exceptional potential for application within the electrochemical domain.Hazelnut shell activated carbon was successfully prepared by chemical activation of potassium hydroxide(KOH)chemical activation and nitrogen doping.The activated carbon was then integrated into a thermosetting polyurethane(PU)matrix,and its electrochemical behavior,thermodynamic attributes,and microstructural characteristics were analyzed by electrochemical workstation,differential scanning calorimetry,scanning electron microscopy,Raman spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,and BET.The results showed that nitrogen-doped hazelnut shell activated carbon(HSAC)has a three-dimensional porous structure with an average pore size of less than 6 nm,and it has good dispersibility in PU matrix.The HSAC/PU composites has good thermal stability and exhibits superior electrochemical performance in a 6 mol/L KOH electrolytic environment.At a current density of 0.5 A/g,the HSAC/PU-0.5 has a specific capacitance of 187.6 F/g with excellent rate capability(157.6 F/g at 20 A/g)and a capacitance retention of 83.9%.
作者
王伊凡
邹明贺
马驰
谢颖
WANG Yifan;ZOU Minghe;MA Chi;XIE Ying(School of Science,Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang 110142,China;Shenyang Power Supply Company,State Grid Liaoning Electric Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110001,China;School of Material Science and Engineering,Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang 110142,China)
出处
《塑料科技》
北大核心
2025年第6期13-19,共7页
Plastics Science and Technology
基金
辽宁省科技厅应用基础研究计划(2023JH2/101300231)。
关键词
生物基活性炭
聚氨酯
电化学性能
榛子壳
Biomass activated carbon
Polyurethane
Electrochemical performance
Hazelnut shell
