摘要
本研究旨在优化超声辅助低共熔溶剂对欧李原花青素(Cerasus humilis proanthocyanidin,CPC)的提取工艺,并与传统70%乙醇提取法进行比较,重点评估纯化物的结构组成和生物活性。用单因素结合响应面试验优化超声辅助低共熔溶剂提取CPC的提取工艺,纯化后测定平均聚合度,用傅里叶红外光谱和高效液相串联质谱(UPLC-OE-MS/MS)分析CPC官能团和组成定性,探究温度、光照、金属离子和pH对CPC稳定性的影响,借助DPPH、ABTS+自由基清除试验和FRAP法评估CPC抗氧化能力,并通过α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制试验考察CPC体外降糖活性。结果表明,筛选氯化胆碱-1,2丙二醇(摩尔比2:1)作为溶剂,在40%(V/V)含水量、1:20(g/mL)料液比、49℃超声温度和49 min提取时间下,CPC的得率达到21.11%±0.10%,是70%乙醇提取法的1.5倍。DES提取的CPC纯化后纯度为87.41%±2.54%,平均聚合度为3.09±0.02。CPC以原花青定为主要结构单元,以低聚原花青素为主要成分。CPC在20℃避光条件下10 h后保留率超过85%,但在高温、碱性和光照条件下稳定性显著降低,金属离子Fe3+、Fe2+和Cu2+对其破坏较大。此外,CPC展示出较强的抗氧化性和体外降血糖活性。综上,超声辅助低共熔溶剂提取法不仅显著提高了CPC的提取得率和纯度,还显著提高其生物活性,为欧李功能性活性物质的绿色提取和应用提供了重要的理论依据。
This study aimed to optimise the ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction of Cerasus humilis proanthocyanidin(CPC)and to compare it with the traditional 70%ethanol extraction method,focusing on the assessment of the structural composition and biological activity of the purified materials.The extraction process for ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction of CPC was optimised using single-factor combined response surface methodology,the average degree of polymerisation was determined after purification,and the functional groups and composition of CPC were analysed qualitatively by Fourier infrared spectroscopy and high performance liquid tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-OE-MS/MS).The effects of temperature,light,metal ions and pH on the stability of CPC were explored,and the antioxidant capacity of CPC was assessed with the help of DPPH,ABTS+free radical scavenging assay and FRAP method,and the in vitro hypoglycaemic activity of CPC was investigated byα-amylase andα-glucosidase inhibition assays.The results showed that choline chloride-1,2 propanediol(molar ratio 2:1)was screened as the extraction solvent,and the yield of CPC was 21.11%±0.10%,which was 1.5 times higher than that of 70%ethanol extraction,at 40%(V/V)water content,1:20(g/mL)material-liquid ratio,49℃ultrasonication temperature,and 49 min extraction time.The purified purity of DES-extracted CPC was 87.41%±2.54%,and the average degree of polymerisation was 3.09±0.02.CPC was based on protocyanin as the main structural unit and oligomeric protocyanidins as the main components.The retention rate of CPC was more than 85%after 10 h at 20℃protected from light,however,the stability was significantly reduced under high temperature,alkaline and light conditions,and it was greatly damaged by metal ions Fe3+,Fe2+and Cu2+.In addition,CPC showed strong antioxidant properties and hypoglycemic activity in vitro.In conclusion,the ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction method not only significantly improved the extraction yield and purity of CPC,but also performed excellently in maintaining its bioactivity,which provided an important theoretical basis for the green extraction and application of functional active substances in Cerasus humilis.
作者
赵悦
褚天旭
高哲
赵文
孙亚赛
ZHAO Yue;CHU Tianxu;GAO Zhe;ZHAO Wen;SUN Yasai(College of Food Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China)
出处
《食品工业科技》
北大核心
2025年第13期218-232,共15页
Science and Technology of Food Industry
基金
河北农业大学引进人才科研专项(YJ2020029)
河北省高等学校基本科研业务费(KY2023045)。
