摘要
极端物态夸克胶子等离子体的性质及其动力学研究一直是相对论重离子碰撞实验的主要目标.本文从相关实验测量和理论模型出发,简要回顾了通过相对论重离子碰撞研究夸克胶子等离子纵向结构的最新进展.文章概述了近年来利用原子核形变研究集体流退关联、基于零度量能器研究旁观者粒子产生、小系统碰撞集体流的实验测量,以及轻核集团结构的理论探索.本文的讨论有助于有效解耦非流物理背景,深化对夸克胶子等离子体初态三维几何结构的理解,并进一步拓展跨能量尺度研究原子核结构的交叉方向.
Studying the properties and dynamics of the extreme state of nuclear matter,the quark-gluon plasma(QGP),has been a primary motivation in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.This article reviews a concise overview of recent progress in understanding the longitudinal structure of the QGP based on experimental measurements and theoretical models.The discussion encompasses investigations of collective flow decorrelations using nuclear deformation,studies of longitudinal structures with zero-degree calorimeters,experimental measurements of collective flow in small-system collisions,and theoretical explorations of light nuclear cluster structures.These advancements contribute to disentangling non-flow backgrounds,enhancing our understanding of the 3D profile of initial conditions of the QGP,and further broadening interdisciplinary research in the study of nuclear structure across energy scales.
作者
张春健
刘鹿蒙
陈金辉
ZHANG ChunJian;LIU LuMeng;CHEN JinHui(Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MOE),Institute of Modern Physics,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;Shanghai Research Center for Theoretical Nuclear Physics,National Natural Science Foundation of China and Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China;Physics Department and Center for Particle Physics and Field Theory,Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China)
出处
《中国科学:物理学、力学、天文学》
北大核心
2025年第5期18-30,共13页
Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica
基金
国家重点研发计划(编号:2022YFA1604900,2024YFA1612600)
国家自然科学基金(编号:12147101,12025501)
上海市白玉兰人才计划浦江项目(编号:24PJA009)资助。
