摘要
坝光银叶树湿地园是目前全国乃至全世界发现保存最完整、树龄最长的天然古银叶树群落,具有重要的科学普及和科学研究价值。随着人类工程活动的加剧,坝光银叶树林的生态环境被破坏。研究旨在为坝光银叶树湿地园的建设管理和生态保护修复提供生态地质资源方面的理论支撑。通过生态环境地质调查,利用地质钻探、采样检测、内梅罗综合污染指数评价、富集系数法和元素迁移分析等方法和手段,分析了研究区的生态地质资源特征。结果表明:研究区景观池塘水质为Ⅳ类水,盐灶水下游河口的水质为Ⅱ类水;地下水水化学类型复杂多样,水质均为Ⅳ类水;土壤母岩中Hg、Se、Cl、I和Cr元素富集;表层土壤中Mn、Ni、Mo、Zn、Pb、Cu等元素总体相对贫乏,Se相对富集,Org、N和S较丰富,而P、B等较缺乏;土壤污染等级以清洁为主;在岩石-土壤-植物生态系统中,土壤中的As强烈富集,而银叶树对Cd和B元素的吸收能力较强。研究区银叶树叶片营养元素丰富,表示土壤营养元素的缺乏和重金属污染并不是研究区银叶树生长的最大限制因素。为了维护银叶树的生态系统稳定性和生长环境,应扩大景观面积,加强园区管理,减少垃圾污染。
Heritiera littoralis Wetland Park in Baguang is the most complete and oldest natural Heritiera littoralis community found in China and even in the world,which has important scientific popularization and research value.With the intensification of human engineering activities,the ecological environment of Heritiera littoralis forest in Baguang has been destroyed.The aim of this study is to provide the theoretical support of ecogeological resources not only for mangrove ecological conservation and restoration,but also to construct and manage Heritiera littoralis Wetland Park in Baguang.The eco-geological resources characteristics of the study area were analyzed by means of geological drilling,sampling and detection,Nemerow integrated pollution index evaluation,enrichment coefficient and element mobility analysis.The results show that the water quality of the landscape pond in the study area is ClassⅣwater,and the water quality of the Yanzao River estuary is ClassⅡwater.Hg,Se,Cl,I and Cr are rich in soil parent rock.The elements such as Mn,Ni,Mo,Zn,Pb,Cu,P and B are deficient in the surface soil,whereas Se,organic matter(OM),N and S are abundant.The soil pollution grade in the study area is mainly clean.In the rock-soil-plant ecosystem,KB(soil enrichment coefficient)>4 of As indicate that As is significantly rich in the soil,and its content has a slight correlation with its parent rock.KB<1 of Mn,Cd,Cr,Zn,Ni,Cu and B indicates that concentrations of these elements are limited by the parent rock,while the 1<KB<4 of Pb and Mo show enrichment capacity in the soil.BCF(bioconcentration factor)>1 of Cd and B indicate that Heritiera littoralis has a higher absorption capacity for Cd and B.In contrast,the BCF of Pb,Cr and As are smaller,which,in addition to the weak absorption capacity of the Heritiera littoralis for these elements and combined with the geochemical characteristics of the soils in the study area,are also affected by the high Pb and As contents of the soil.The lack of soil nutrient elements and heavy-metal pollution are not the major factors limiting the growth of Heritiera littoralis in this region.Improving the ecosystem stability and growth environment of Heritiera littoralis should include expanding the landscape area,reinforcing the management of the park,and eliminating garbage pollution.
作者
卢薇
易顺民
黄爱琳
尹小玲
李鑫华
LU Wei;YI Shunmin;HUANG Ailin;YIN Xiaoling;LI Xinhua(Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application,Guangzhou Institute of Geography,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510070,China;College of Oceanography and Ecological Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 200120,China)
出处
《安全与环境工程》
北大核心
2025年第3期347-360,共14页
Safety and Environmental Engineering
基金
深圳市自然保护区生态环境地质调查项目(SZDL2021337822)。
关键词
坝光银叶树
生态地质资源
内梅罗综合污染指数
富集系数
元素迁移
Heritiera littoralis in Baguang
eco-geological resources
Nemerow integrated pollution index
enrichment coefficient
element mobility
