摘要
为探究不同配方施肥与留蔓数对人参果植株生长和果实品质的影响,以云南省石林彝族自治县红壤土作为试验地,以圆果2号为试材,采用引蔓栽培,植株留蔓数分别为5、6、7条,设置4种不同配方施肥处理,以常规施肥为对照(CK),测定植株形态和果实品质相关指标。结果表明:同一留蔓数,有机肥和微生物菌肥在肥料中的配比过高会抑制人参果植株生长,也会影响果实品质,适量施用可有效提升人参果果实品质和产量,其中,施用RHB 2 g+微生物菌剂180 g+中微量元素肥140 g+高磷水溶肥22 g+高钾水溶肥16 g+钙镁硼铁锌108 g在不同留蔓数栽培中综合表现较好;同一施肥处理下,随着留蔓数增加可增加人参果产量,但会限制植株生长,同时过多的枝蔓数也不利于果实品质的提升,其中,留蔓6条,植株生长和果实品质的综合表现较好。在最优施肥配方下,留蔓6条,植株茎粗2.07 cm,叶长12.10 cm,叶面积指数0.59,糖酸比370.95,可滴定酸含量0.03%,可溶性蛋白含量7225.75 mg/kg,总酚含量18.29 mg/kg。综上所述,人参果栽培中,施用RHB 2 g+微生物菌剂180 g+中微量元素肥140 g+高磷水溶肥22 g+高钾水溶肥16 g+钙镁硼铁锌108 g,结合留蔓6条,能有效促进人参果植株生长和果实品质提高。
In order to explore the effects of different fertilization and number of vine branches on the growth of Solanum muricatum Aiton plants and fruit quality,the red loam soil in Shilin County,Yunnan Province is used as a test place,and the‘Yuanguo 2’is the planting material.Using the lead-induced vine cultivation,for 5,6 and 7 vines,combined with 4 different fertilization treatments and traditional fertilization method was used as a control(CK),the plant shape and fruit quality related indicators are determined.The results showed that the high ratio of organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer in fertilizer with the same number of vine branches would inhibit the growth of S.muricatum plants and affect the fruit quality,and appropriate application could effectively improve the fruit quality and yield of S.muricatum.Among them,RHB 2 g+microbial bacteria 180 g+medium micro-element fertilizer 140 g+high phosphorus water soluble fertilizer 22 g+high potassium water soluble fertilizer 16 g+calcium,magnesium,boron,iron and zinc 108 g performed well in the cultivation of different vine branches.Under the same fertilization treatment,as the number of vine branches increases,S.muricatum fruit yield can be increased,but the growth of plants will be limited.At the same time it is also not conducive to the improvement of fruit quality.Among them,there are 6 vines,and the comprehensive performance of plant growth and fruit quality is better.Under the optimal fertilization formula,6 vines were left,the highest stem thickness was 2.07 cm,the highest leaf length was 12.10 cm,the leaf area index was 0.59,the highest sugar-acid ratio was 370.95,the lowest titratable acid content was 0.03%,the soluble protein content was 7,225.75 mg/kg,and the total polyphenol content was 18.29 mg/kg.In summary,in the cultivation of S.muricatum,RHB 2 g+microbial bacteria 180 g+medium micro-element fertilizer 140 g+high phosphorus watersoluble fertilizer 22 g+high potassium water soluble fertilizer 16 g+calcium,magnesium,boron,iron and zinc 108 g,combined with 6 vines,can effectively promote S.muricatum plant growth and fruit improve quality.
作者
刘念云
刘丹丹
冯昆
张玉光
王玉英
王梓然
苏俊
Liu Nianyun;Liu Dandan;Feng Kun;Zhang Yuguang;Wang Yuying;Wang Ziran;Su Jun(School of Agriculture,Yunnan University,Kunming 650504;Shilin Hongkun Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd.;Shilin West Ginseng Fruit Planting Professional Cooperative;College of Horticulture and Landscape,Yunnan Agricultural University;Horticultural Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
出处
《中国果树》
2025年第6期73-81,共9页
China Fruits
基金
中央引导地方科技发展资金“人参果良种繁育及栽培技术研究”(202407AB110011)
中国农村专业技术协会云南省科技小院项目“石林人参果科技小院”(农技协发字[2021]27号)。
关键词
人参果
施肥处理
留蔓数
植株生长
果实品质
quality Solanum muricatum Aiton
fertilization treatment
number of vine branches
plant growth
fruit
