摘要
产业链供应链韧性和安全水平是“一体两面”的关系。我国矿产资源产业链供应链的短板主要集中在上游原材料的供应风险上,优势主要集中在庞大的冶炼加工能力方面,这导致产业链供应链在供需上存在结构性失衡,其中矿产品供应不足是影响产业链供应链韧性和安全水平的主要因素。破解这一困局需要实施“双轮驱动”战略:国内层面要构建“勘查—开发—保护”的良性循环,统筹开源和节流、开发和保护的关系,确保国内能够“找得到,采得出,供得上”,能够守住安全战略底线;国外层面需要构建多元化供应网络,维护市场稳定,建立海外资源应急调用机制,保障国外能够“买得到,用得起,靠得住”,能够及时填补国内的供应缺口。同时,针对冶炼产能过剩与原料供应不足的矛盾,应推动产业链向高端延伸,发展矿产品深加工和循环利用技术。通过补上游短板、强中游优势、延下游链条,可构筑“资源有保障、产业有韧性、市场有活力”的新型矿产供应链体系,为制造业高质量发展夯实资源根基,在百年变局中牢牢端稳资源饭碗。
The resilience and security of industrial and supply chains are two sides of the same coin.In China's mineral resources sector,vulnerabilities primarily exist in upstream raw material supply risks,while strengths lie in its massive smelting and processing capacity.This imbalance creates structural mismatches between supply and demand,with insufficient mineral product supply emerging as the primary factor affecting chain resilience and security.To resolve this dilemma,a"two-wheel drive"strategy must be implemented:Domestically,establishing a virtuous cycle of"exploration-development-protection"by coordinating resource expansion with conservation,ensuring domestic capabilities to"locate,extract,and supply"reserves while maintaining strategic security thresholds.Internationally,constructing diversified supply networks to stabilize markets,creating overseas resource emergency mobilization mechanisms,and ensuring accessible,affordable,and reliable foreign supplies to promptly address domestic shortages.Concurrently,addressing the contradiction between excess smelting capacity and insufficient raw materials requires upgrading the industrial chain toward high-end applications,promoting advanced processing technologies and circular utilization systems.By addressing upstream weaknesses,strengthening midstream advantages,and extending downstream links,a new mineral supply chain ecosystem can be established featuring"guaranteed resources,industrial resilience,and market dynamism,"thereby fortifying resource foundations for high-quality manufacturing development and securing energy security amid global uncertainties.
作者
陈甲斌
聂宾汗
王枫
CHEN Jiabin;NIE Binhan;WANG Feng(Chinese Academy of Natural Resources Economics,Beijing 101149,China)
出处
《自然资源情报》
2025年第4期1-7,共7页
Natural Resources Information
基金
自然资源部部门预算项目“全国矿产资源规划编制研究与实施评估”(编号:102121191020000009001)。
关键词
新质生产力
矿产资源
产业链供应链
韧性
安全水平
new quality productivity
mineral resources
industry chain and supply chain
resilience
security level
