摘要
通过系统检阅Web of Science、PubMed和中国知网等数据库的有关研究文献,对临界功率(critical power,CP)理论及应用在马拉松运动中的研究证据进行梳理和分析。研究表明:1)CP已被重新定义为最大代谢稳态的“黄金标准”,代表重度运动强度域和极重度运动强度域之间的界限;2)4种常用CP测试方法适用于不同运动场景及人群;3)在预测马拉松运动表现方面,CP/临界速度(critical speed,CS)展现出或可取代传统长跑生理决定因素的潜能,已成为马拉松比赛成绩的有力预测指标;4)依据CS构建个性化比赛配速策略,有效提升马拉松运动员竞技水平;5)针对人体在长时间运动过程中CP的动态变化规律、无氧功储备的消耗与恢复机制,以及双曲线模型与幂律模型在描述功率-持续时间关系的适用性对比等问题的研究,学界尚未达成共识。
By systematically reviewing the relevant research literature in databases such as Web of Science,PubMed,and CNKI,the research evidence of the critical power(CP)theory and its application in marathon were sorted out and analyzed.Research showed that:1)CP had been redefined as the“gold standard”of the maximum metabolic steady state,representing the boundary between the heavy exercise intensity domain and the severe exercise intensity domain;2)four commonly used CP test methods applicable to different sports scenarios and populations;3)in terms of predicting marathon performance,CP/critical speed(CS)showed the potential to replace traditional physiological determinants of long-distance running and became a powerful predictive indicator of marathon race results;4)constructing personalized race pacing strategies based on the CS could effectively improve the athletic performance level of marathon athletes;5)in the academic field,there was still no consensus on issues such as the dynamic variation law of the CP during the long-term exercise of the human body,the consumption and recovery mechanism of the anaerobic work reserve,and the comparison of the applicability of the hyperbolic model and the power-law model in describing the power-duration relationship.
作者
杨阔
王统领
王丰
洪芷轩
张天阳
YANG Kuo;WANG Tongling;WANG Feng;HONG Zhixuan;ZHANG Tianyang(Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,China)
出处
《中国体育科技》
北大核心
2025年第5期56-64,共9页
China Sport Science and Technology
关键词
临界功率
马拉松
配速策略
critical power
marathon
pacing strategy
