摘要
目的探究学龄前儿童缺铁性贫血(IDA)患病现况、发育及影响因素。方法收集2020年6月至2024年6月期间在河北省儿童医院进行健康体检的学龄前儿童2013例为研究对象,经筛查分为IDA组(n=168)、非IDA组(n=1845),调查分析学龄前儿童IDA患病现况及发育情况,采用多因素Logistic回归分析学龄前儿童发生IDA的影响因素。结果2013例进行健康体检的学龄前儿童,检出IDA儿童168例,患病率为8.35%,其中男童86例,患病率8.52%(86/1009),女童82例,患病率8.17%(82/1004)。IDA组语言能力、社会交往、适应能力、精细动作、大运动、发育商显著低于非IDA组(P<0.05)。IDA组早产、父母文化程度高中以下、妊娠贫血史、消化系统疾病史、母乳时长<6个月、坚果类食物摄入不足、肉蛋奶类摄入不足、家庭月收入<5000元占比显著高于非IDA组(P<0.05)。早产、父母文化程度、妊娠贫血史、消化系统疾病史、母乳时长、坚果类食物摄入、肉蛋奶类摄入、家庭月收入是学龄前儿童发生IDA的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论学龄前IDA儿童发育状况相对缓慢,且早产、父母文化程度、妊娠贫血史、消化系统疾病史、母乳时长、坚果类食物摄入、肉蛋奶类摄入、家庭月收入是学龄前儿童发生IDA的独立危险因素,临床医师以及家长应特别关注上述因素,对学龄前儿童发生IDA有一定预防作用。
Objective To explore the current status,development,and influencing factors of iron deficiency anemia(IDA)in preschool children.Methods From June 2020 to June 2024,2013 preschool children who underwent health examinations at Hebei Children’s Hospital were collected as research subjects.After screening,they were assigned into IDA group(n=168)and non IDA group(n=1845).The current status and development of IDA in preschool children were investigated and analyzed,and multiple Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of IDA in preschool children.Results Among the 2013 preschool children who underwent health check ups,168 were diagnosed with IDA,with a prevalence rate of 8.35%.Among them,86 were boys,with a prevalence rate of 8.52%(86/1009),and 82 were girls,with a prevalence rate of 8.17%(82/1004).The language ability,social interaction,adaptability,fine motor skills,gross motor skills,and developmental quotient of IDA group were obviously lower than those of non IDA group(P<0.05).The proportions of premature births,parents with a high school education level or below,history of anemia during pregnancy,history of digestive system diseases,duration of breastfeeding<6 months,insufficient intake of nuts,insufficient intake of meat,eggs,and dairy products,and monthly household income<5000 yuan in IDA group were obviously higher than those in non IDA group(P<0.05).Premature birth,parental education level,history of anemia during pregnancy,history of digestive system diseases,duration of breastfeeding,intake of nuts,intake of meat,eggs,and dairy products,and monthly household income were independent risk factors for IDA in preschool children(P<0.05).Conclusion The developmental status of preschool children with IDA is relatively slow,and premature birth,parental education level,history of anemia during pregnancy,history of digestive system diseases,duration of breastfeeding,intake of nuts,intake of meat,eggs,and dairy products,and monthly household income are independent risk factors for IDA in preschool children.Clinicians and parents should pay special attention to the above factors,which have a certain preventive effect on IDA in preschool children.
作者
贾丽媛
温丽
翟小颖
梁玉丽
赵艳荣
王丽
JIA Liyuan;WEN Li;ZHAI Xiaoying;LIANG Yuli;ZHAO Yanrong;WANG Li(Hematology and Oncology Department of Hebei Children’s Hospital,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050000,China)
出处
《中国优生与遗传杂志》
2025年第3期702-706,共5页
Chinese Journal of Birth Health & Heredity
基金
河北省医学科学研究课题(20190828)。
关键词
学龄前儿童
缺铁性贫血
发育
患病现况
preschool children
iron-deficiency anemia
development
disease status
