摘要
近年来,随着能源自主和低碳转型成为全球关注的核心议题,欧盟国家,尤其是德国,提出了在交通领域发展电子燃料(E–Fuels)的战略构想。综述了E–Fuels的概念、物理特性及生产流程,详细分析了其生命周期的碳排放及生产成本。研究表明,E–Fuels在欧盟能源转型中具有提升能源自主性、支持现有汽车产业、保持经济稳定以及参与碳市场交易的重要作用。然而,E–Fuels也面临高昂的生产成本和较低的能源转换效率等挑战。通过总结欧盟当前E–Fuels产业的发展现状,分析了非政府企业联盟为推动该产业所采取的积极举措,同时介绍欧盟官方对E–Fuels的中立立场。进一步探讨了E–Fuels与混合动力汽车协同发展的潜在路径。最后,展望了中国在E–Fuels领域的未来发展机遇,提出了以创新为驱动、因地制宜发展、兼容多种技术路线的建议,以期为中国能源转型提供参考和借鉴。
In recent years,energy independence and low-carbon transitions have become key global concerns,and countries in the European Union,particularly Germany,are advocating for the development of E-Fuels in the transportation sector.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the concept,properties,and production process of E-Fuels,while analyzing their lifecycle emissions and production costs.The paper highlights the significant role that E-Fuels play in the EU's energy transition by enhancing energy independence,supporting the existing automotive industry,stabilizing the economic foundation,and participating in carbon market trading.However,challenges such as high production costs and low efficiency are also identified.Additionally,the paper outlines the current development status of the E-Fuels industry in the EU,examines the proactive efforts made by non-governmental industry alliances,and discusses the EU's official neutral stance on E-Fuels.It further explores the potential pathway for the integration of E-Fuels with hybrid vehicles.Finally,the paper looks ahead to the opportunities for E-Fuels in China,offering recommendations for innovation-driven development,tailored strategies,and adoption of a flexible and inclusive approach to technological advancement,with the aim of supporting China's energy transition.
作者
吴金希
支嘉旗
Jinxi WU;Jiaqi ZHI(School of Social Science,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Xingjian College,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《科技导报》
北大核心
2025年第7期54-66,共13页
Science & Technology Review
基金
清华·力拓能源资源可持续发展研究中心年度项目(2023-005)
清华大学SRT研究项目(2411T0627)。
关键词
低碳交通
电子燃料
欧盟产业
low-carbon transportation
E-Fuels
EU industry
