摘要
随着风、光伏发电在中国的快速发展,其调峰、消纳和储能问题日益尖锐。调峰离不开煤电,而煤电的低碳化改造主要依靠生物质能;提出了当前物理和电化学储能方式远不能满足风、光伏发电大容量、长时段储能的需要,而生物质是天然的物质化储能物。依靠电能,可以通过气化与合成转化出可长时段储存和方便长距离运输的各种气、液态生物质能;又能在需要为风、光伏发电调峰和调频时,随时驱动蒸气轮机发电。是就地、就近消纳风、光伏发电和长时储能的理想途径。此外,生物质气化技术的突破,又为发展类似现代煤化工和石油化工,但碳排放为零的“生物质化工”提供前提,能生产出多种化石基化学品的替代物。可再生能源和合成材料是生物质新的重要利用方向,准确定位的生物质应用将在中国的能源转型中起到越来越重要的作用。
With the fast development of wind power and photovolatics,the issue of electricity peak-shaving,utilizing in situ and power storage has become more and more urgent.Peak-shaving depends upon coal power generation while the dacarbonation of power generation has been proved to finally rely on biomass co-firing.On the other hand,current technologies of power storage cannot fit the huge requirement of big-volume and long-term power storage.Since biomass is natural power storage matter,it can be transferred to syngas through electricity-driven gasification,then converted to gaseous and liquid bioenergies which can be both storaged for long time and shipped for long distance.In case of peak-shaving for wind power and photovolatics,they can be transferred to power through steam turbine easily and immediately.Besides,the breakthrough of biomass gasification makes it possibile to establish the"biomass chemical industry"characterized with zero CO_(2) emission,as well as to produce something to substitute petrochemicals,so as to save oil indirectly.In conclusion,biomass will play a more and more important role in energy transformation of China.
作者
程序
颉二旺
Xu CHENG;Erwang JIE(Biomass Engineering Center,College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Xinmu Bioscience&Technology Group,Beijing 102606,China)
出处
《科技导报》
北大核心
2025年第7期48-53,共6页
Science & Technology Review
关键词
功能定位
生物质与煤耦合发电
生物质长时储能
调峰
煤化生物质
生物质气化合成
生物质化工
function positioning
biomass co-firing with coal for power generation
biomass long-term power storage
peak-shaving
coacificated biomassi
biomass gasification and synthesis
biomass chemical industry
