摘要
作为中国君主称呼之一的“天子”,曾因其面向外夷的作用而一度成为中国君主在非汉语世界的主要称呼,而自唐代至明代,皇帝称呼及其在非汉语世界的对应概念逐渐取代天子,尤其演变为明代《四夷馆来文》中频繁使用的“天皇帝”一词。本文通过检阅分析自秦汉至明代的诸多往来文书,以揭示这一现象并尝试做出解释,最终认为这一称呼直接起源于元朝灭亡后亚洲地区的多文字并行局势、儒学观念的转变以及明代翻译理念等多种原因的结合。
The title Tianzi("Son of Heaven"),one of the designations for Chinese monarchs,once served as the primary appellation in the non-Chinese speaking world due to its symbolic role in engaging with Waiyi外夷.From the Tang Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty,the appellation of Huangdi("Emperor")and its conceptual counterparts in the non-Chinese-speaking world gradually supplanted Tianzi.In particular,the title Tian-Huangdi("Celestial Emperor")was frequently used in the Siyi-Guan-Laiwen in the Ming Dynasty.This article reviews various official documents from the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Ming Dynasty to explore and explain this particular phenomenon.It ultimately argues that the terminological shift emerged from a combination of factors,including the multilingual environment in Asia following the fall of the Yuan Dynasty,shifts in Confucian ideology,and the introduction of new translation practices during the Ming dynasty.
作者
夏博宇
XIA Bo-yu(School of History and Cultural Heritage,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China)
出处
《中央民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第2期156-166,共11页
Journal of Minzu University of China(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金中国历史研究院重大历史问题研究专项“印度洋史史料整理与研究”(项目编号:23VLS029)。
关键词
天子
中外交流
表文
华夷译语
Tianzi
history of Sino-Foreign exchange
biaowen
Hua-Yi Yiyu
