摘要
安装升力翼改变了高速列车固有气动外形,两车明线交会时,升力翼诱发的流场激扰作用将改变交会场景下高速列车周围的流场结构。为探究升力翼高速列车明线交会气动特性,明确升力翼对于明线交会时高速列车运行安全性和平稳性的影响,采用三维可压缩N-S方程和Realizeable k-ε两方程湍流模型及滑移网格技术,对有/无升力翼高速列车速度400 km/h明线等速交会进行仿真模拟,对比分析列车交会压力波和气动力的变化规律。研究结果表明:给高速列车安装升力翼不会改变明线交会时列车表面压力波时程变化规律,但列车表面交会压力波时程曲线会整体“上移”;非交会侧垂向方向上,当高度大于0.5倍列车车高时,列车的空间交会压力波幅值开始增大,高度超过车高后开始减小,但升力翼列车的幅值始终大于原型高速列车,同时升力翼的安装与否不会改变交会压力波正峰值;在非交会侧横向方向上,不论有无升力翼,高速列车的空间交会压力波峰值变化趋势及大小基本相同,均随距轨道中心线距离增大而减小;升力翼会改变明线交会过程中高速列车侧向力时程变化规律,使交会过程中列车侧向力始终指向非交会侧,并加剧侧向力的波动,交会结束后侧向力需要更长的时间才能恢复稳定。研究成果可为后续升力翼高速列车系统的研发设计提供可靠的理论保障。
The installation of lift airfoils changes the inherent aerodynamic shape of high-speed trains.When two high-speed trains passing by each other in the open air,the flow field excitation induced by the lift airfoils will change the flow field structure around the high-speed trains in this process.To investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of high-speed trains with lift airfoils when passing by each other in the open air,and to figure out the impact that the lift airfoils have on the safety and smoothness of the high-speed trains during the meeting in the open air,this paper employed a compressible three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations,Realizable k-εtwo equation turbulence model and sliding grid technology to simulate the constant speed intersection of high-speed trains equipped with and without lift airfoils at a speed of 400 km/h.During this procedure,modifications in staggered pressure waves and aerodynamic forces were compared and analyzed.Research findings have suggested that that the installation of lift airfoils on high-speed trains does not alter the time history of surface pressure waves as they pass by each other in the open air,but the time history curve of surface pressure waves during such a procedure will be shifted upwards as a whole.In the vertical direction of the non-intersecting side,when the height is greater than 0.5 times the height of the train,the amplitude of the spatial intersecting pressure wave of the train begins to increase,and after the height exceeds the height of the train,it begins to decrease.However,the amplitude of the train with lift airfoils is always greater than that of the prototype high-speed train,and the installation of the lift airfoils will not change the positive peak value of the intersecting pressure wave.In the transverse direction of the non-intersecting side,the trend and magnitude of the spatial pressure waves on the non-intersecting side of the high-speed trains are essentially the same regardless of the presence or absence of the lift airfoils,and all decrease with increasing distance from the centerline of the train.The lifted airfoils will alter the temporal variation pattern of the lateral force of the high-speed trains as the trains pass by each other,causing the lateral force of the trains to always point towards the non-intersecting side during the crossing and exacerbating the fluctuations of the lateral force.It takes a longer time to restore the stability of lateral force after the end of the meeting.The results can provide a reliable theoretical guarantee for the development and design of the subsequent lift airfoils high-speed trains system.
作者
熊小慧
袁昊
陈光
程凡
XIONG Xiaohui;YUAN Hao;CHEN Guang;CHENG Fan(Key laboratory of Traffic Sarety on Track of Ministry of Education,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Safety Technology for Rail Vehicle,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China)
出处
《铁道科学与工程学报》
北大核心
2025年第5期1923-1935,共13页
Journal of Railway Science and Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2020YFA0710903)。
关键词
高速列车
空气动力学
升力翼
气动特性
明线交会
high-speed train
aerodynamics
lift airfoil
aerodynamic performances
passing by each other in open air
