摘要
[目的]传统农药制剂易对环境和非靶标生物造成不利影响,农药微囊化促使活性成分缓慢释放,从而有效降低农药在田间应用时的环境风险。[方法]采用配位组装法,利用羧甲基壳聚糖与三氯化铁自组装成微胶囊以负载高效氯氟氰菊酯,通过测定其对小地老虎的生物活性以及对异色瓢虫的毒性来评估其应用效果。[结果]微胶囊平均粒径为5.15μm。紫外光照射1 h后,微胶囊中的原药仅降解约30%,而乳油则降解了约50%。微胶囊对小地老虎3龄幼虫24 h时的LC_(50)为12.09 mg/L,对异色瓢虫2龄幼虫24 h时的LC50为2.28 mg/L;同时,乳油对小地老虎幼虫的LC50为7.08 mg/L,对异色瓢虫幼虫的LC_(50)为0.13 mg/L。[结论]与乳油相比,微胶囊具有较好的抗光解性能和缓释性能,对非靶标生物具有较高的安全性。
[Aims]Traditional pesticide formulations exert adverse influences on the environment and non-target organisms.Pesticide microencapsulation facilitates the controlled release of active ingredients,thereby significantly reducing the environmental risks associated with pesticide application in the field.[Methods]Carboxymethyl chitosan and ferric chloride were employed for self-assembly into microcapsules via the coordination assembly method to load lambda-cyhalothrin.The application effect was assessed by determining its biological activity against Agrotis ipsilon and its toxicity to Harmonia axyridis.[Results]The average particle size of the microcapsules was 5.15μm.After 1 hour of UV irradiation,approximately 30% of the active ingredient in the microcapsules degraded,compared to approximately 50%degradation in the emulsifiable concentrate.The LC_(50)(24 h)of the microcapsules against 3rd instar larvae of A.ipsilon was 12.09 mg/L,and that for 2nd instar larvae of H.axyridis was 2.28 mg/L.At the same time,the LC_(50) of the emulsifiable concentrate against A.ipsilon larvae was 7.08 mg/L,and that for H.axyridis larvae was 0.13 mg/L.[Conclusions]Compared with emulsion concentrate,microcapsules possess better anti-photolysis and sustained-release performance,and exhibit higher safety to non-target organisms.
作者
马成立
白海秀
王崇琳
刘尚可
MAChengli;BAI Haixiu;WANG Chonglin;LIU Shangke(Tai'an Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Tai'an 271002,Shandong,China;Shandong Medicine Technician College,Tai'an 271000,Shandong,China;Shandong Pengbo Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Tai'an 271021,Shandong,China;Pingyin County Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Jinan 250499,China)
出处
《农药》
北大核心
2025年第5期332-336,共5页
Agrochemicals
关键词
微囊化技术
羧甲基壳聚糖
缓释
异色瓢虫
小地老虎
microencapsulation technology
carboxymethyl chitosan
sustained release
Harmonia axyridis
Agrotis ipsilon
