摘要
为明确重庆地区一种引起射干Belamcanda chinensis叶部真菌病害的病原菌种类及其生物学特性,并筛选出高效杀菌剂。本试验采用组织分离法分离病原菌,活体接种叶片验证致病性,并根据形态学特征结合多基因(ITS、actin、cmdA和his 3)联合分析鉴定病原菌;采用菌丝生长速率法测定病原菌在不同培养基、光照、温度、pH、碳源和氮源的生长情况;通过室内毒力测定筛选对病原菌具有较强抑菌作用的化学杀菌剂和生物杀菌剂。结果表明,这种叶部症状呈圆形或椭圆形斑点的病害为射干眼斑病,其病原菌为鸢尾枝孢Cladosporium iridis。PSA培养基,碳源为可溶性淀粉,氮源为酵母浸粉,全黑暗,28℃和pH 7.0条件下有利于C.iridis菌丝生长;PDA培养基,碳源为葡萄糖,氮源为氯化铵,全黑暗,28℃和pH 6.0条件下有利于产孢。7种化学杀菌剂中,10%苯醚甲环唑WG的抑菌效果最佳,EC 50为0.0013μg/mL;7种生物杀菌剂中,0.3%四霉素AS的抑菌效果最佳,EC 50为0.174μg/mL。本研究是C.iridis在重庆引起射干眼斑病的首次报道,研究结果为射干眼斑病的准确识别和有效防控提供了科学依据。
This study aimed to identify the species and biological characteristics of the pathogen causing fungal leaf disease in Belamcanda chinensis in Chongqing area and screen for effective fungicides.The pathogen was isolated using the tissue separation method,and pathogenicity was verified via in vivo leaf inoculation.Identification was based on morphological characteristics and multi-gene analysis(ITS,actin,cmdA,and his 3).The mycelial growth rate method was used to evaluate the growth of the pathogen under different media,light conditions,temperatures,pH values,carbon sources,and nitrogen sources.Toxicity tests were conducted to screen chemical and biological fungicides with strong antifungal effects on the pathogen.The results showed that the disease with circular or oval spots on the leaves of B.chinensis,and the pathogen was Cladosporium iridis.The PSA medium with soluble starch as the carbon source,yeast powder as the nitrogen source,complete darkness,28℃,and pH 7.0 was optimal for mycelial growth.The PDA medium with glucose as the carbon source,ammonium chloride as the nitrogen source,total darkness,28℃,and pH 6.0 was favorable for the sporulation of C.iridis.Among the seven chemical fungicides tested,difenoconazole 10%WG exhibited the best effect,with an EC 50 value of 0.0013μg/mL.Among the seven biological fungicides,tetramycin 0.3%AS demonstrated the best effect,with an EC 50 value of 0.174μg/mL.This study is the first report of C.iridis causing eye spot disease in B.chinensis in Chongqing.The findings provide a scientific basis for accurate identification and effective prevention and control of this disease.
作者
汤子萱
徐琴
刘铭
刘露
宋珍
蒋佳敏
刘宇欣
尹福强
贺诗滢
TANG Zixuan;XU Qin;LIU Ming;LIU Lu;SONG Zhen;JIANG Jiamin;LIU Yuxin;YIN Fuqiang;HE Shiying(College of Biological and Food Engineering,Chongqing Three Gorges University,Chongqing 404120,China;Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Green Cultivation and Deep Processing of Medicinal Herbs in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,Chongqing 404120,China;College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology,Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College,Chongqing 404155,China)
出处
《植物保护》
北大核心
2025年第3期218-225,240,共9页
Plant Protection
基金
重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重点项目(cstc2020jscx-tpyzxX0007)
重庆市教委重点项目(KJZD-K202201207)
重庆三峡学院研究生科研创新项目(YJSKY23025)。
关键词
射干
眼斑病
鸢尾枝孢
生物学特性
药剂敏感性
Belamcanda chinensis
eye spot
Cladosporium iridis
biological characteristics
fungicide susceptibility
