摘要
目的:分析2018—2022年我国(暂未包含我国台湾、香港地区和澳门地区)跨省流动肺结核患者的特征,以完善跨区域管理患者防控策略和措施。方法:从“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”中的“监测报告管理”模块获得2018年1月1日至2022年12月31日期间肺结核患者转出(入)记录及病案信息,描述性分析人口学特征、转出患者流向和治疗管理等特征。结果:2018—2022年全国共登记7547例跨省流动肺结核患者,占登记肺结核患者的0.23%(7547/3261391),男女性别比为2.12∶1(5130∶2417)。25~59岁年龄组(63.91%,4823/7547)、职业为农牧渔民(36.28%,2738/7547)、东部地区(49.83%,3761/7547)患者占比较高。广东、浙江、贵州、广西、四川和湖南6个省(自治区)跨省转出的患者占61.47%(4639/7547)。东部省份中,广东(1844例)和浙江(930例)转出的患者分别主要流入湖南(20.66%,381/1844)和贵州(36.34%,338/930);中部省份中,湖南(377例)转出的患者主要流入广东(54.91%,207/377),西部省(自治区)中,广西(501例)、四川(418例)和贵州(569例)转出的患者分别主要流入广东(49.50%,248/501)、广东(35.17%,147/418)和浙江(43.41%,247/569)。跨省流动肺结核患者到位率为84.17%(6352/7547)。复治患者的未到位率(22.02%,72/327)高于初治患者(15.55%,1123/7220),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.809,P=0.002);转出前接受治疗时间<30 d的患者未到位率(17.23%,454/2635)高于≥30 d的患者(15.09%,741/4912),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.916,P=0.015)。26.78%(1701/6352)的患者转出至到位的时长超过14 d。结论:我国肺结核患者跨省流动主要发生在广东、浙江、贵州、广西和四川等省(自治区),应加强对结核病高流行地区外出务工人员的主动筛查工作,并建立高流动省份患者管理协同机制,为跨省流动患者提供持续不间断的管理服务。
Objective:To analyze the characteristics of tuberculosis patients with interprovincial mobility in China(excluding Taiwan Province and Hongkong regions and Macao special administrative regions)from 2018 to 2022,so as to improve the prevention,control strategies and management measures for the patients across regions.Methods:The transfer-in and transfer-out records and medical record information of tuberculosis patients from January 1,2018,to December 31,2022,were extracted from the“Surveillance Report Management”module of the“China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention”.Descriptive analyses were conducted on demographic characteristics,patient flow patterns,and treatment management features.Results:From 2018 to 2022,a total of 7547 tuberculosis patients with cross-provincial mobility were registered nationwide,accounting for 0.23%(7547/3261391)of the registered tuberculosis patients.The male-to-female ratio was 2.12∶1(5130∶2417).The middle-aged group aged 25-59 years accounted for the largest proportion(63.91%,4823/7547),those with the occupation of farmers,herdsmen and fishermen accounted for 36.28%(2738/7547),and those from the eastern region accounted for 49.83%(3761/7547).Patients transferred out from six provinces,namely Guangdong,Zhejiang,Guizhou,Guangxi,Sichuan,and Hunan,accounted for 61.47%(4639/7547)of the total cross-provincial transferred patients.Patients transferred out from Guangdong(1844 cases)and Zhejiang(930 cases)in the eastern provinces mainly flowed into Hunan(20.66%,381/1844)and Guizhou(36.34%,338/930),respectively;patients transferred out from Hunan(377 cases)in the central province mainly flowed into Guangdong(54.91%,207/377);and patients transferred out from Guangxi(501 cases),Sichuan(418 cases),and Guizhou(569 cases)in the western provinces(autonomous region)mainly flowed into Guangdong(49.50%,248/501),Guangdong(35.17%,147/418),and Zhejiang(43.41%,247/569),respectively.The arrival rate of tuberculosis patients with cross-provincial mobility was 84.17%(6352/7547).The non-arrival rate of retreatment patients(22.02%,72/327)was higher than that of newly treated patients(15.55%,1123/7220)(χ^(2)=9.809,P=0.002).The non-arrival rate was higher in patients treated for<30 days(17.23%,454/2635)compared those treated for≥30 days(15.09%,741/4912)(χ^(2)=5.916,P=0.015).The duration from transfer to arrival of 26.78%(1701/6352)of the patients exceeded 14 days.Conclusion:The interprovincial mobility of tuberculosis patients in China primarily occurs in Guangdong,Zhejiang,Guizhou,Guangxi,and Sichuan.Active screening of migrant workers from high tuberculosis burden areas should be strengthened,and a collaborative mechanism for patient management in high mobility provinces should be established to ensure continuous care for mobile patients.
作者
李玉红
梅金周
李雪
张慧
刘小秋
赵雁林
Li Yuhong;Mei Jinzhou;Li Xue;Zhang Hui;Liu Xiaoqiu;Zhao Yanlin(National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China;National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China;Department of Tuberculosis Prevention and Control,Shenzhen Bao’an Center for Chronic Disease Control,Shenzhen 518101,China)
出处
《中国防痨杂志》
北大核心
2025年第6期760-768,共9页
Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis
关键词
结核
肺
流动人口
流行病学研究特征(主题)
公共卫生管理
Tuberculosis,pulmonary
Mobile population
Epidemiologic study characteristics as topic
Public health administration
