摘要
目的分析2014-2023年山东省日照市发热伴血小板减少综合征(SFTS)的流行特征,为防控SFTS提供科学依据。方法日照市2014-2023年SFTS数据来源于“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”,人口资料来源于日照市公安局,运用描述流行病学方法对SFTS病例数据进行分析,采用集中度法、圆形分布法对发病时间进行分析,使用SPSS19.0、ArcGIS 10.4软件进行统计分析和地图绘制。结果2014-2023年日照市共报告271例SFTS病例,年均发病率为0.93/10万,不同年份间发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=87.770,P<0.001),发病呈现上升趋势(χ^(2)趋势=61.688,P<0.001),报告死亡病例8例,病死率为2.95%,不同年份间病死率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=17.735,P<0.001)。日照市SFTS发病有较强的季节性,2014-2023年均高峰日为6月10日,年均发病高峰期为5月8日-9月12日。五莲县发病率最高,发病前5位的乡镇(街道)是莒县棋山镇,五莲县洪凝街道、街头镇,东港区秦楼街道、日照街道,占全部病例的28.41%,该乡镇(街道)多为丘陵地区。年累计发病乡镇(街道)数分别为10、15、25、30、37、40、42、44、49、51个,呈现疫源地面积逐渐扩大趋势,时空扫描分析发现2个聚集区。发病人群以51~<80岁的中老年人为主(80.07%),男女性别比为1.12∶1,不同性别发病率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.371,P=0.542);职业以农民为主(84.87%);发病至诊断时间中位数为6 d。结论日照市SFTS发病区域不断扩大,发病人群以丘陵地区的中老年人为主,呈现较强的季节流行特征,应在夏秋季节加强重点地区的疾病监测,做好健康宣教及防蜱灭蜱工作。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)in Rizhao,Shandong Province,China from 2014 to 2023,so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of SFTS.Methods The SFTS data of Rizhao from 2014 to 2023 were sourced from the"China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention",and the demographic data were sourced from the Rizhao Public Security Bureau.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze SFTS case data,and the concentration degree method and circular distribution method were used to analyze the onset time.SPSS 19.0 and ArcGIS 10.4 softwares were used for statistical analysis and mapping.Results From 2014 to 2023,a total of 271 cases of SFTS were reported in Rizhao,with a mean annual incidence rate of 0.93/100000.There was a significant difference in the incidence rate between different years(χ^(2)=87.770,P<0.001),and the incidence showed an upward trend(χ^(2) trend=61.688,P<0.001).Eight deaths from SFTS were reported,with a fatality rate of 2.95%.There was a significant difference in the fatality rate between different years(χ^(2)=17.735,P<0.001).The incidence of SFTS in Rizhao had strong seasonality.The peak day of 2014 to 2023 was June 10,and the peak period of the annual incidence was May 8 to September 12.The incidence rate was the highest in Wulian County.The top five townships with high incidence were Qishan Town of Juxian County,Hongning Subdistrict and Jietou Town of Wulian County,Qinlou Subdistrict and Rizhao Subdistrict of Donggang District,accounting for 28.41%of all cases.The annual cumulative number of affected towns was 10,15,25,30,37,40,42,44,49,and 51,showing a trend of gradually expanding in the area of epidemic source.The spatiotemporal scanning analysis revealed 2 clustering areas.The incidence of the disease was mainly in middle-aged and elderly people aged 51 to<80 years(80.07%),and the ratio of males to females was 1.12∶1.There was no significant difference in the incidence rate between males and females(χ^(2)=0.371,P=0.542).The occupation was mainly farmers(84.87%).The median time interval between onset and diagnosis was 6 days.Conclusions The incidence of SFTS in Rizhao is constantly expanding,with the main affected population being middle-aged and elderly people in hilly areas,and shows strong seasonal epidemic characteristics.Therefore,disease surveillance in key areas should be strengthened in summer and autumn,and health education and tick prevention and control work should be done well.
作者
黄伟超
宋传锋
赵家儒
曹际菊
HUANG Wei-chao;SONG Chuan-feng;ZHAO Jia-ru;CAO Ji-ju(Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Department,Juxian Disease Prevention and Control Center,Rizhao,Shandong 276500,China;Rizhao Disease Prevention and Control Center,Rizhao,Shandong 276800,China)
出处
《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》
2025年第2期195-200,共6页
Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control
关键词
发热伴血小板减少综合征
流行特征
集中度
圆形分布
时空扫描
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome
Epidemiological characteristic
Concentration degree
Circular distribution
Spatiotemporal scanning
