摘要
本试验旨在探究菌酶协同发酵豆秸对湖羊生长性能、血清指标和瘤胃微生物的影响。48只4月龄健康湖羊公羔[(27.00±2.00) kg]随机分为4组(n=12),每组3个重复,每个重复(栏)4只羊,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组1、2、3分别以33%、66%、100%的发酵豆秸替代饲料中原有的豆秸,预饲期7 d,正式期60 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,1~30 d和1~60 d试验2组的平均日采食量和料重比均显著降低(P<0.05);试验3组的血清白蛋白、谷丙转氨酶、高密度脂蛋白和总胆固醇含量均显著提高(P<0.05);试验2和3组的球蛋白含量均显著升高(P<0.05);试验各组的总蛋白和谷草转氨酶活性均显著提高(P<0.05);试验3组的超氧化物歧化酶活性显著提高(P<0.05),试验各组的过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性均显著提高(P<0.05);试验各组的免疫球蛋白A含量均显著提高(P<0.05),试验2和3组免疫球蛋白G和M含量均显著提高(P<0.05);试验2组粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率均显著升高(P<0.05);试验2组的瘤胃异丁酸和氨态氮含量显著上升(P<0.05),戊酸含量显著下降(P<0.05);在门水平上,试验2组瘤胃拟杆菌门丰度显著提升(P<0.05),厚壁菌门丰度显著下降(P<0.05);在属水平上,试验2组普雷沃氏菌科UCG-001丰度显著提高(P<0.05)。菌酶协同发酵豆秸提高了湖羊抗氧化能力、免疫力和养分表观消化率,改善了湖羊瘤胃发酵和微生物结构组成,为发酵豆秸在湖羊生产中的应用提供了科学依据。
We investigated the effects of soybean(Glycine max)straw co-fermented with a bacterium-enzyme mixture on the growth performance,serum indexes,and rumen microorganisms of Hu sheep.Forty-eight healthy male Hu lambs[(27.00±2.00)kg]aged 4 months were randomly assigned into four groups,with three replicates in each group and four lambs per replicate(stall).Lambs in the control group were fed with a basal diet(Group C),and those in the trial groups were fed with the basal diet with 33%(Group 1),66%(Group 2),and 100%(Group 3)of the original soybean straw substituted with fermented soybean straw.The experimental period included 7 days of pre-experiment and 60 days of formal experiment.The main results were as follows:Compared with Group C,Group 2 showed a significantly decreased average daily matter intake and feed-to-gain ratio during days 1-30 and 1-60(P<0.05).The serum contents of albumin,glutamic pyruvic transaminase,high density lipoprotein,and total cholesterol were significantly higher in Group 3 than in the control(P<0.05).The globulin contents were significantly higher in Groups 2 and 3(P<0.05),and the total protein content and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity were significantly higher in all trial groups(P<0.05)than in the control.The activity of superoxide dismutase in serum was increased significantly in Group 3(P<0.05),and catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in serum were increased significantly in all trial groups(P<0.05)compared with the control.The serum immunoglobulin(Ig)A content was increased significantly in all trial groups(P<0.05),and the serum IgG and IgM contents were increased significantly in Groups 2 and 3(P<0.05),compared with the control.Compared with the control,Group 2 significantly increased apparent digestibility of crude protein,acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber(P<0.05);significantly increased rumen isobutyric acid and ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N)contents(P<0.05);and significantly decreased valeric acid content(P<0.05).In terms of the bacterial community in the rumen,at the phylum level,the abundance of rumen Bacteroidota wasincreased(P<0.05),while that of Firmicuteswas decreased(P<0.05)in Group 2 compared with the control.At the genus level,the abundance of Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 was significantly higher in Group 2 than in the control(P<0.05).In conclusion,the addition of bacterium-enzyme co-fermented soybean straw to the diet can improve the antioxidant and immune capacity,nutrient apparent digestibility,the rumen environment,and the rumen microbial community structure of Hu sheep.These results provide a scientific basis for the application of fermented soybean straw in the production of Hu sheep.
作者
祁帅
张艳丽
万永杰
牛伟强
张积鑫
高雪
茆达干
Shuai QI;Yan-li ZHANG;Yong-jie WAN;Wei-qiang NIU;Ji-xin ZHANG;Xue GAO;Da-gan MAO(College of Animal Science and Technology,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Qidong Ruipeng Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd.,Nantong 226200,China;Qidong Agricultural Technology Promotion Center,Nantong 226200,China)
出处
《草业学报》
北大核心
2025年第5期189-201,共13页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(JATS [2023]478,JATS [2023]162)
启东市科技项目(现代农业)(2022-3)资助。
关键词
湖羊
生长性能
发酵豆秸
菌酶协同
瘤胃微生物
Hu sheep
growth performance
fermented soybean straw
bacterium-enzyme synergy
rumen microorganisms
