摘要
为探究三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)开闭壳频率作为机体健康指征的科学性,本研究评估了三角帆蚌(体质量为25.50 g±3.32 g)的开闭壳频率和心率的昼夜变化特征,比较了其开闭壳频率和心率对摄食和免疫应激的响应特点,并分析了正常养殖条件下同群体三角帆蚌开闭壳频率差异和免疫相关酶活性差异。结果表明:三角帆蚌夜间开闭壳频率和心率均高于白天,但无显著性差异(P>0.05);昼夜投饵后1 h的开闭壳频率和心率均显著高于投饵前(P<0.05),且心率振幅增大,表明三角帆蚌开闭壳频率能响应摄食行为;感染嗜水气单胞菌后3 h,三角帆蚌开闭壳频率达到最高值18.75次/h,为感染前频率的1.52倍(P<0.05),感染后15 h已降低至感染前开闭壳频率的31.29%;感染嗜水气单胞菌后5 h,心率显著高于正常水平并达到峰值14.65 bpm,为感染前心率的1.25倍(P<0.05),随后频率缓慢降低,12 h后恢复至正常水平,表明开闭壳频率能对细菌感染做出响应,且开闭壳频率响应较心率更为敏感;试验还发现,正常养殖条件下同群体三角帆蚌存在开闭壳频率差异,可分为高、中、低开闭壳频率组,4种免疫相关酶活性均在肝胰腺中表达量最高,除高开闭壳频率组超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)仅显著高于低频率组外,高开闭壳频率组碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均显著高于中、低频率组(P<0.05)。研究表明,开闭壳频率较心率对环境变化响应更敏感,高开闭壳频率组的上述免疫相关酶活性较高,本研究对将开壳频率这一计数指标作为三角帆蚌新的健康指征和评价方法进行了有益尝试,对推动贝类健康养殖具有积极意义。
To explore the feasibility of using the frequency of shell opening and closing in the mussel Hyriopsis cumingii as an indicator of organism health,we evaluated the diurnal variation of the frequency of this behavior and the heart rate of H.cumingii.We then compared the response characteristics of shell opening and closing frequency and heart rate to feeding and immune stress in the same population under normal culture conditions.The results showed that the opening and closing frequency and heart rate of H.cumingii at night were higher than those in the day,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).The values at 1 h after feeding were significantly higher than those before feeding(P<0.05)and the heart rate amplitude increased,indicating that the shell opening and closing frequency responded to feeding behavior.The shell opening and closing frequency reached the highest value of 18.75 times/h after infection with Aeromonas hydrophila,which was 1.52 times higher than the frequency before infection(P<0.05),but by 15 h it had decreased to 31.29%of the shell opening and closing frequency before infection.At 5 h after infection,the heart rate was significantly higher than the normal level and reached a peak of 14.65 beats per minute,which was 1.25 times higher than the initial heart rate(P<0.05),and then it slowly decreased and returned to the normal level after 12 h.These results indicate that shell opening and closing and heart rate responded to bacterial infection and that the response of shell movement frequency was stronger than that of heart rate.Under normal culture conditions,shell opening and closing frequency varied within the same population,and individuals could be divided into high,medium,or low frequency.The expression of four immune-related enzymes was highest in the hepatopancreas.Expression of superoxide dismutase was significantly higher in the high frequency group compared to the low frequency group.The activities of alkaline phosphatase,acid phosphatase,and catalase in the high frequency group were significantly higher than those in the medium and low frequency groups(P<0.05).In summary,shell opening and closing frequency is more sensitive to environmental changes than heart rate,and the activities of the measured immune-related enzymes are higher in specimens that exhibit high shell opening and closing frequency.These results suggest that the frequency of shell opening and closing can be used as a health indicator for H.cumingii,which will be of great significance for promoting healthy shellfish culture.
作者
陈扬
吕雪峰
陆婷婷
王志炎
傅百成
袁屹平
白志毅
CHEN Yang;L Xuefeng;LU Tingting;WANG Zhiyan;FU Baicheng;YUAN Yiping;BAI Zhiyi(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Germplasm Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Zhejiang Bairila Agricultural Technology Company,Shaoxing 311800,China;Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-Culture of Aquaculture animals,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)
出处
《大连海洋大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第2期263-270,共8页
Journal of Dalian Ocean University
基金
财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-49)
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2400105)。
关键词
三角帆蚌
开闭壳频率
心率
免疫相关酶活性
健康指标
Hyriopsis cumingii
shell valve opening and closing frequency
heart rate
enzyme activity
health indicators
