摘要
为提高土地利用率和综合收益,在浙江仙居县安岭乡实施了槜李-茶间作试验。茶树品种为黄芽茶“中黄1号”。槜李品种为“名媛”和“醉贵妃”,采用稀植方法,行株距为10.0 m×(8.0~10.0)m。设计了两种间作模式,一种是槜李种植在茶树中间,施肥管理与茶树一致;另一种是用50 cm高(约25.0 cm埋在土面下)的塑料片围绕槜李隔出半径约1.5 m的范围,在槜李结果期对槜李进行独立施肥管理。试验结果表明,槜李树阴下与非树阴下春茶品质各项指标没有显著差异,但槜李树下茶树枝条腋芽数显著减少,减少幅度为23.9%;与茶树一致施肥的槜李果实品质显著低于独立施肥,“名媛”与“醉贵妃”的可溶性固形物含量分别为独立施肥的0.858和0.813倍,裂果率则分别是独立施肥的8.01与7.03倍。茶适宜与槜李间作,但需将挂果的槜李树与茶树分开施肥,槜李树独立施肥半径可在1.5 m以上,肥料以有机肥(如腐熟菜籽饼)为主,以控制氮肥过量吸收。
To enhance land utilization efficiency and comprehensive income of land,an experiment of Zuili plum and tea intercropping was carried out.The variety of tea was Zhonghuang No.1.The varieties of Zuili plum were Zuiguifei and Mingyuan,which were planted in a low density with a row and plant spacing of 10.0 m×(8.0-10.0)m.Two intercropping models were designed.One model was to plant the Zuili plum trees between the tea trees,with fertilization management same as the tea trees.Another model was to isolate the Zuili plum trees in an area with a radius of 1.5 m by a 50 cm high plastic sheet(with 25 cm buried in the soil),and the plum trees were fertilized independently at the stage of fruiting.The results showed that no significant difference was detected for the quality of processed spring teas between under shade and without shade of Zuili plum trees,but the axillary bud number of tea branches under Zuili plum trees was significantly decreased by 23.9%.The quality of Zuili plum fruits fertilized with tea trees was significantly decreased compared to independent fertilization under same fertilization model as tea trees,and the soluble solid content of Mingyuan and Zuiguifei was 0.858 times and 0.813 times,with fruit cracking rate of 8.01 times and 7.03 times,of that under independent fertilizing model,respectively.Tea tree is suitable for intercropping with Zuili plum,but the Zuili plum trees should be fertilized separately from tea trees after bearing the fruits.The independent fertilization radius of Zuili plums could be above 1.5 m,and organic fertilizers such as decomposed rapeseed cakes should be used as the main fertilizer for controlling excessive N nutrient absorbing.
作者
谢小波
尹君前
张光星
鲍旭飞
XIE Xiaobo;YIN Junqian;ZHANG Guangxing;BAO Xufei(Inttitute of Horticulture,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,310021,China;Yunhu Tea Cooperative of Xianju County,Xianju,Zhejiang,317314,China;Anling Township People’s Government of Xianju County,Xianju,Zhejiang,317314,China;Qiandaohu Township People’s Government of Chunan County,Chunan,Zhejiang,311799,China)
出处
《中国南方果树》
北大核心
2025年第2期114-117,共4页
South China Fruits
基金
浙江省基础公益研究计划(LGN21C150006)
浙江省农业(果品)新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C12066-4)
浙江省“三农九方”科技协作计划(2024SNJF022)资助。
关键词
槜李
茶
间作
茶叶品质
果实品质
Zuili plum
tea
intercropping
tea quality
fruit quality
