摘要
长期以来,我国法院适用民商事国际条约的路径不统一,且《中华人民共和国民法典》并未采纳《中华人民共和国民法通则》第142条的规定,这进一步引起理论争论与实践中的迷茫。总体上,法院采用直接适用路径是国际法“条约必须信守”原则的要求,也是国内法的授权。法院对条约的适用是法院以条约作为审判案件的法律渊源对当事人依据条约提出的权利主张进行裁判的司法活动。在司法审判权范围内,除国家缔结或者参加民商事国际条约时作出相关保留、立法机关特别要求或者国内法特别规定等特殊(例外)情形外,我国法院原则上应直接根据特定民商事国际条约对特定案情进行识别;经识别,特定争议事项属于条约调整范围时,应直接援引条约进行裁判。
For a long time,the approach of applying international civil and commercial treaties by Chinese court is not uniform.In addition,the Civil Code of PRC does not adopt the Article 142 of the General Rules of Civil Law of PRC,which further aggravates the problem in practice and theory.On the whole,the direct application path adopted by court is the requirement of pacta sunt servanda principle,and is also the authorization of domestic law.the court’s application of a treaty is a judicial activity in which the court relies on the treaty as legal sources and delivers a judgement on the parties’claim based on the treaty.Therefore,except for treaty reservation,requirement by legislature or any domestic law otherwise,court shall identify the specific case directly according to the specific treaty within its judicial jurisdiction,and after identifying the specific dispute as belonging to the scope of the treaty,it shall in principle directly refer to the treaty for judgment.
出处
《法律科学(西北政法大学学报)》
北大核心
2025年第2期154-167,共14页
Science of Law:Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law
基金
教育部人文社科青年基金项目(23YJC820017)“国产大飞机跨国贸易法律问题研究”。
关键词
民商事国际条约
间接适用路径
直接适用路径
识别
冲突规范
civil and commercial international treaty
indirect application approach
direct application approach
characterisation
conflicts law rule
