摘要
高瓦斯矿井煤层含气量大,单纯的井下瓦斯抽采受时间及空间制约,导致井下抽采效果受限。同时,由于井下通常仅依靠钻孔进行负压抽采,煤层增透手段和改造方式缺乏,导致抽采不充分,煤层含气量总体降幅小,无法快速实现工作面消突、达到保障矿井安全生产的要求。运用油气开发技术在地面进行煤层气抽采,煤层增透措施不受空间限制,可采用多种手段进行煤层改造,提升储层渗透性。同时,根据采掘规划,在地面超前布置煤层气抽采工程,对煤层进行长时间超前预抽,可减少井下瓦斯抽采工程量,缩短井下瓦斯抽采和达标时间,保障矿井安全生产。为大幅降低高瓦斯煤层含气量,提升煤炭开采效率与安全生产水平,针对寺河矿东五盘区煤层气地质特征,结合盘区采掘衔接规划,开展相适应的煤层气地面与井下抽采技术与工艺研究,探索高瓦斯矿井的煤与煤层气高效协调开发。采用理论分析与现场测试相结合的方式,对东五盘区开展多种煤层气地面与井下抽采尝试,综合降低煤层含气量。并通过地面抽采效果检验井,评价东五盘区煤层气抽采实际效果。经过近20 a的井上下连续抽采,东五盘区规划区3号煤层剩余含气量降到8 m^(3)/t以下,平均降幅在50%以上;准备区抽采达标时间缩短了15%以上,保障了矿井高产高效;生产区井下精准抽采甲烷浓度提高5%以上,工作面抽采率提高5%以上,确保井下高效抽采。东五盘区地面大规模超前预抽已基本实现高瓦斯煤层的低瓦斯采掘。煤与煤层气共采既通过地面超前预抽大幅度降低了煤层含气量、增加了煤层气产量,又通过井下精准抽采填补了地面抽采盲区,实现了煤层气抽采的全覆盖,节约了井下瓦斯抽采成本。寺河矿东五盘区煤与煤层气共采的成功实施,不仅有效保障了高瓦斯煤层的低瓦斯开采,也大幅度降低了甲烷排空污染大气环境,同时还促进了沁南煤层气产业基地的建设,为其他高瓦斯矿井的煤与煤层气共采提供了参考与借鉴,对煤与煤层气共采技术的推广具有重要的意义。
The gas content of coal seam in high gas mine is large.and the simple underground gas extraction is restricted by time and space,which leads to the limited effect of underground gas extraction.At the same time,because the underground usually only rely on drilling for negative pressure extraction,the lack of coal seam anti-reflection means and transformation methods leads to insufficient gas extraction.The overall gas reduction is small,which couldn’t meet the requirements of working face gas outburst elimination and ensure mine safety production.The use of oil and gas development technology for coal seam gas extraction on the ground,coal seam permeabil-ity improvement measures are not limited by space.Various means could be used to stimulate coal seams and improve reservoir permeabil-ity.At the same time,according to the mining plan,the gas extraction project is arranged in advance on the ground.The coal seam gas is pre-extracted for a long time.Which could reduce the underground gas extraction project,shorten the underground gas extraction and standard time,and ensure the safe production of the mine.In order to greatly reduce the gas content and improve the efficiency of coal mining and the level of safe production,according to the gas geological characteristics of the east fifth plate of Sihe mine,combined with the mining and excavation connection planning of the plate,the corresponding surface and underground gas extraction technology and pro-cess research are carried out to explore the efficient and coordinated development of coal and CBM in high gas mines.By combining the-oretical analysis and field test,a variety of ground and underground gas extraction attempts are carried out in the east fifth plate to compre-hensively reduce the gas content of the coal seam.And through the ground extraction effect test well,the gas extraction effect of the east fifth plate is evaluated.After nearly 20 years of continuous extraction,the remaining gas content of No.3 coal seam in the planning area is reduced to less than 8 m^(3)/t,with an average decrease above 50%.The extraction time of the preparation area is shortened by more than 15%,which ensure the high yield and high efficiency of the mine.The methane concentration of underground precise extraction in the pro-duction area is increased by more than 5%,and the extraction rate of working face is increased by more than 5%,which ensure the effi-cient extraction of underground.The large-scale advance pre-extraction on the ground in the east fifth plate have basically realized low-gas mining in high-gas coal seam.The co-mining of coal and CBM not only greatly reduces the gas content and increases the production of CBM through ground advanced pre-extraction,but also fills the blind area of ground extraction through underground precise extraction.Which realize the full coverage of gas extraction and save the cost of underground gas extraction.The successful implementation of the co-mining of coal and CBM in the east fifth plate of Sihe coal mine not only effectively guarantees the low-gas mining in high-gas coal seam,but also greatly reduces the atmospheric environment polluted by CBM emptying.At the same time,it also promotes the construction of the Qinnan CBM industrial base,and provides reference for the co-mining of coal and CBM in other high-gas mines.It has important value for the promotion of coal and CBM co-mining.
作者
李国富
季长江
李军军
张江华
唐杰
赵晋斌
邵显华
LI Guofu;JI Changjiang;LI Junjun;ZHANG Jianghua;TANG Jie;ZHAO Jinbin;SHAO Xianhua(State Key Laboratory of Coal and CBM Co-mining,Taiyuan 030031,China;Yi’an-Lanyan Coal and CBM Co-mining Technology Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030006,China;Henan Polytechnic University School of Resources and Environment,Jiaozuo 454000,China;Sihe Coal Mine,Jinneng Holding Equipment Manufacturing Group Co.,Ltd.,Jincheng 048204,China)
出处
《煤炭科学技术》
北大核心
2025年第3期291-303,共13页
Coal Science and Technology
基金
国家科技重大专项资助项目(2016ZX05067)
山西省科技重大专项资助项目(20191102001)
山西省基础研究资助项目(2016012012)。
关键词
煤与煤层气共采
寺河矿
东五盘区
抽采效果评价
井上下联合抽采
coal and coalbed methane co-mining technology
Sihe Mine
east fifth panel
drainage effect evaluation
combined extraction from ground and underground
