摘要
本文基于产业融合理论和技术创新扩散理论,系统探讨数字技术重构现代农业产业链的内在机理与实践路径。研究表明,数字技术通过物联网感知层、区块链追溯层、智能装备执行层、大数据决策层的叠加应用,构建起覆盖农业生产、加工、流通、销售全过程的数字化生态体系。研究同时揭示,当前农业数字化转型面临"三重鸿沟":基础设施鸿沟(农村地区5G覆盖率不足30%)、数字素养鸿沟(涉农主体数字化技能达标率低于40%)、制度协同鸿沟(跨部门数据共享率不足25%)。破解这些困境,需要构建"四维驱动"战略:以新型数字基建为底座(农业物联网、冷链云平台),以数据要素市场化为引擎(建立农业数据资产登记制度),以数字技能提升为支撑(建设区域性数字农人培训基地),以制度创新为保障(制定农业AI应用伦理指南)。
Against the macro background of continuous technological breakthroughs and iterative upgrades in digital technology,the global agricultural industry is undergoing a revolutionary transformation from traditional factor-driven models to digital technology-enabled paradigms.Based on industrial convergence theory and technology innovation diffusion theory,this paper systematically explores the inherent mechanisms and practical pathways through which digital technologies reconstruct modern agricultural industrial chains.Research indicates that digital technologies establish a comprehensive digital ecosystem covering agricultural production,processing,circulation,and sales through layered applications of IoT sensing,blockchain traceability,intelligent equipment execution,and big data decision-making systems.Regarding efficiency improvement,precision agriculture technologies increase yield per unit area by 15-30%,while intelligent logistics systems reduce agricultural product loss rates by approximately 40%.In market expansion,rural e-commerce has maintained annual growth exceeding 35%for five consecutive years,with emerging formats like live-stream commerce creating incremental markets worth hundreds of billions.The study also reveals three critical divides in current agricultural digital transformation:infrastructure divide(5G coverage in rural areas remains below 30%),digital literacy divide(proficiency rate in digital skills among agricultural entities under 40%),and institutional coordination divide(cross-departmental data sharing rate below 25%).Addressing these challenges requires implementing a four-dimensional strategy:constructing next-generation digital infrastructure(agricultural IoT,cold chain cloud platforms),driving data element marketization(establishing agricultural data asset registration systems),enhancing digital capabilities(building regional digital farmer training bases),and institutional innovation(formulating ethical guidelines for agricultural AI applications).
出处
《当代农村财经》
2025年第3期44-49,共6页
Contemporary Rural Finance and Economics
关键词
数字技术
农业产业链
智慧农业
产业数字化
农业4.0
Digital Technology
Agricultural Industry Chain
Smart Agriculture
Industrial Digitization
Agriculture 4.0
