摘要
明清时期西方化学教材的汉译为我国引入了新的化学知识,改变了以往纯文字叙述的话语状态,融会中西化学思想的表达。西方演绎式科学知识通过语言转换进入汉语语境,与中国本土的归纳式经验总结发生融合,塑造了我国的化学学科知识体系。本文以当时化学译著《化学鉴原》为例,聚焦于化学术语翻译,探讨译者徐寿和傅兰雅对化学用语的选择和化学符号的转换。研究发现,译者在贯通中西科学思想的翻译原则下,主要采用归化的翻译策略,通过音意合译、偏旁释义、拆式直译、译名组合、语言创生和中西杂糅等方法,将西方化学知识引入汉语语境,不仅丰富了汉语中的化学表达,促进了中国化学的符号化和科学化,也重构了中国的化学话语体系。考察明清时期化学教材的汉译过程,尤其是化学术语的汉译策略,有助于更深入地了解中国化学学科的创立和化学知识建构的过程,对构建具有民族特色的化学话语体系和科学翻译体系有着深刻启示。
The translation of Westerm chemistry textbooks into Chinese during the Ming and Qing dynasties introduced China new chemical knowledge,altering the previous mode of purely textual narratives and integrating expressions of both Eastern and Western chemical thoughts.Westemn deductive scientific knowledge,through linguistic conversion,entered the Chinese context,where it merged with locally inductive empirical knowledge,shaping the disciplinary knowledge system of chemistry in China.Focusing on the term translation in the translated work of that time,Hua Xue Jian Yuan,this paper explores the translator's choices of chemical terminology and the conversion of chemical symbols by Xu Shou and John Fryer.After some research,it's found that the translators,guided by the principle of bridging Eastern and Western scientific thoughts,primarily adopted domestication strategy in translation and introduced Western chemical knowledge into Chinesecontext through methods such as semantic transliteration,semantic radical,structure decomposition,name compounding,word coinage,and the amalgamation of Eastern and Western elements.This not only enriched the chemical expressions in Chinese but also promoted the symbolization and scientification of Chinesechemistry,while also restructuring the discourse system of Chinesechemistry.Investigating the process of translating Western chemistry textbooks into Chinese during the Ming and Qing dynasties,particularly the strategies employed in translating chemistry terms,contributes to a deeper understanding of the establishment of chemistry as a discipline in China and the construction of chemical knowledge,offering profound insights for constructing the chemical discourse system as well as the scientific translation system with distinctive national characteristics.
出处
《翻译研究与教学》
2024年第3期7-13,共7页
Translation Research and Teaching
基金
2021年上海市哲社项目“英语二语文本阅读的交互加工机制研究”(项目编号:2021BYY008)
2024年度教育部人文社会科学研究项目“翻译与中国经济学话语的生成和发展研究”(项目编号:24YJA74005)的资助
关键词
《化学鉴原》
知识再生产
化学术语
翻译策略
Hua Xue Jian Yuan
knowledge reproduction
chemical terminology
translation strategy
