摘要
知识生产模式变革与科技创新对国家竞争的影响力加深,使得科研样态与特质发生显著变化,从自由探索逐渐转向有组织科研。美国是世界上最早推进有组织科研的国家,在实践上有较为系统和成熟的经验。在行动者网络理论视野下,有组织科研异质性行动者体现出不同的功能价值。美国政府作为核心行动者牵头,通过问题识别、利益赋予、征召和动员的“转译”过程,推动形成有组织科研行动者网络。该网络呈现了以重大计划为基点搭建主体合作平台,以利益联结为内驱创设利益关联机制,以组织嵌入为手段规范协调网络运行的构建机制。美国经验为我国推进有组织科研实践提供“他山之石”,我国可从顶层统筹、利益协调和保障健全三方面深化有组织科研。
The change of knowledge production mode and the deepening influence of technological innovation on national competitiveness have significantly changed the pattern and characteristics of scientific research from free exploration to organized research.The United States is the first in the world to promote organized research in universities,and has relatively systematic and mature experience in promoting it.From the perspective of the actor-network theory,the heterogeneous actors of organized research reflect different functional values.And the US government,as the core actor,takes the lead in constructing the organized research actor network through the process of problematization,interessement,enrollment and mobilization.The construction mechanism is presented as the main cooperative platform based on major projects,the interest linkage as its internal drive,and regulated and coordinated operation of the network by organizational embedding.The American experience can provide reference for China to promote organized research.China can conduct organized research from the aspects of strengthening top-level planning,coordinating interessement,and guaranteeing logistics.
作者
李正
陈双愉
焦磊
LI Zheng;CHEN Shuangyu;JIAO Lei(South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China;School of Public Administration,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China;Institute of Higher Education,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510641,China)
出处
《科教发展研究》
2024年第4期17-40,共24页
Research on Science,Technology and Education Development
基金
2021年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“新知识生产模式下我国博士研究生教育质量评价与保障体系建设研究”(21YJA880029)成果
关键词
有组织科研
行动者网络理论
构建路径
构建机制
Organized Research
Actor-Network Theory
Construction Path
Construction Mechanism
