摘要
目的 运用Meta分析评价我国大学生无偿献血参与率。方法 检索CNKI、Wan Fang Data、VIP、Pub Med、Web of science和Embase数据库,搜集有关大学生无偿献血参与率的横断面研究,检索时限为建库至2024年8月10日。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取数据资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,运用Stata16.1软件进行Meta分析。结果 最终纳入36篇文献,共37 348名研究对象,参与无偿献血的大学生11 541名。Meta分析结果显示,我国大学生无偿献血参与率为34.0%[95%CI(31.0,37.0)];亚组分析结果显示,不同地区间大学生无偿献血参与率为东部36.1%[95%CI(24.1, 48.1)]、中部30.2%[95%CI(26.8, 33.6)]、西部35.1%[95%CI(31.0, 39.3)],东部高于中西部(P<0.001);不同研究时期间大学生无偿献血参与率为2020年前32.0%[95%CI(31.4, 32.6)]、2020年后27.1%[95%CI(26.3, 27.9)],2020年前高于2020年后(P<0.001);不同性别间大学生无偿献血参与率为男性36.8%[95%CI(32.8, 40.9)]、女性28.5%[95%CI(24.8, 32.2)],男性高于女性(P<0.001);不同学历间大学生无偿献血参与率为专科26.8%[95%CI(23.1, 30.5)]、本科及以上26.4%[95%CI(22.9, 29.8)],无统计学差异(P>0.05);不同专业间大学生无偿献血参与率为医学类46.4%[95%CI(34.4, 58.4)]、非医学类专业29.1%[95%CI(22.1, 36.0)],医学类高于非医学类(P<0.001);不同年级间大学生无偿献血参与率为二年级及以下27.7%[95%CI(24.3, 31.2)]、三年级及以上33.7%[95%CI(26.4, 40.9)],三年级及以上高于二年级及以下(P<0.001);不同户口间大学生无偿献血参与率为城镇24.7%[95%CI(21.5, 27.8)]、农村26.8%[95%CI(22.1, 31.4)],无统计学差异(P>0.05);不同家人态度间大学生无偿献血参与率为支持43.3%[95%CI(18.5, 68.2)]、不支持37.8%[95%CI(26.6, 48.9)],无统计学差异(P>0.05);不同献血政策了解程度间大学生无偿献血参与率为了解35.7%[95%CI(27.8, 43.5)]、不了解24.7%[95%CI(13.7, 35.7)],了解高于不了解(P<0.001);不同献血知识了解程度间大学生无偿献血参与率为了解47.8%[95%CI(34.5, 61.0)]、不了解38.0%[95%CI(22.1, 53.9)],了解高于不了解(P<0.001)。结论 大学生无偿献血率仍有提升空间,相关管理部门应统筹规划采血全局,协同高校发挥教育主阵地作用,正确甄别人群差异,以提升大学生无偿献血参与率,推动无偿献血事业的发展。
Objective To evaluate the participation rate of voluntary blood donation among college students in China by meta-analysis.Methods CNKI,Wan Fang Data,VIP,Pub Med,Web of science and Embase databases were searched to collect cross-sectional studies on the participation rate of voluntary blood donation among college students from the establish-ment of the database to August 10,2024.Two researchers independently screened the literature,extracted the data and as-sessed the risk of bias of the included studies,and then used Stata16.1 software for meta-analysis.Results Finally,36 ar-ticles were included,with a total of 37348 research subjects and 11541 college students participating in voluntary blood do-nation.The meta-analysis results showed that the participation rate of college students in voluntary blood donation in China was 34.0%[95%CI(31.0,37.0)].The sub group analysis results showed that the participation rate of college students in voluntary blood donation in different regions was 36.1%[95%CI(24.1,48.1)]in the eastern region,30.2%[95%CI(26.8,33.6)]in the central region,and 35.1%[95%CI(31.0,39.3)]in the western region,with the eastern re-gion higher than the central and western regions(P<0.001);The participation rate of college students in voluntary blood donation during different research periods was 32.0% before 2020[95%CI(31.4,32.6)]and 27.1%after 2020[95%CI(26.3,27.9)],with before 2020 higher than after 2020(P<0.001);The participation rate of voluntary blood dona-tion among college students of different genders is 36.8%for males[95%CI(32.8,40.9)]and 28.5%for females[95%CI(24.8,32.2)],with males higher than females(P<0.001);The participation rate of college students in voluntary blood donation among different academic backgrounds was 26.8%for associate degree students[95%CI(23.1,30.5)],26.4%for undergraduate students and above[95%CI(22.9,29.8)],with no statistically significant difference(P>0.05);The participation rate of college students in voluntary blood donation among different majors is 46.4%[95%CI(34.4,58.4)]for medical majors and 29.1%[95%CI(22.1,36.0)]for non-medical majors,with medical majors higher than non-medical majors(P<0.001);The participation rate of college students in voluntary blood donation among different grades is 27.7%[95%CI(24.3,31.2)]for second grade and below,33.7%[95%CI(26.4,40.9)]for third grade and above,with the latter higher than the former(P<0.001);The participation rate of college students in vol-untary blood donation among different household registrations is 24.7%in urban areas[95%CI(21.5,27.8)]and 26.8%in rural areas[95%CI(22.1,31.4)],with no statistically significant difference(P>0.05);The participation rate of college students in voluntary blood donation among different family attitudes was 43.3%in support[95%CI(18.5,68.2)]and 37.8%in non support[95%CI(26.6,48.9)],with no statistical difference(P>0.05);The participation rate of college students in voluntary blood donation was 35.7%[95%CI(27.8,43.5)]among those who were aware of the blood donation policies,and 24.7%[95%CI(13.7,35.7)]among those who were not aware,with the former higher than the latter(P<0.001);The participation rate of voluntary blood donation among college students was 47.8%[95%CI(34.5,61.0)]among those who were aware of blood donation knowledge and 38.0%[95%CI(22.1,53.9)]among those who were not aware,with the former higher than the latter(P<0.001).Conclusion There is still room for improve-ment in the rate of voluntary blood donation among college students,and the government should plan the overall situation of blood collection,and cooperate with colleges and universities to play the main role of donation publicity,and correctly iden-tify potential donors,so as to improve the participation rate of voluntary blood donation among college students and promote the development of voluntary blood donation.
作者
王胜
解京泉
亓霏
WANG Sheng;XIE Jingquan;QI Fei(Weifang Central Blood Station,Weifang 261043,China)
出处
《中国输血杂志》
2025年第3期431-441,共11页
Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion
关键词
大学生
无偿献血
参与率
系统性综述
META分析
college students
voluntary blood donation
participation rate
systematic review
meta analysis
