摘要
为探究缓释型花生配方肥在花生大田生产的最佳用量,本研究通过大田试验设置4个不同施肥量处理(0、450、600和750 kg/hm^(2)),分析测定了花生产量及相关性状,各生育期叶绿素含量,干物质量,各个器官全氮、全磷、全钾积累量及农学利用率的变化。结果表明,施用缓释型花生配方肥可显著提高花生产量及各生育期叶绿素含量,600 kg/hm^(2)处理荚果产量达到最佳,为5 938.65 kg/hm^(2)。此外,施用缓释型配方肥也可显著提高花生干物质的积累和促进氮、磷、钾在籽仁、茎秆、叶片中的积累,750 kg/hm^(2)处理花生茎和叶的干物质量达到最大,600 kg/hm^(2)处理花生的根、壳、籽仁的干物质量达到最大。全氮、全磷的积累量集中在籽仁、茎秆、叶片中,全钾的积累量集中在茎秆和叶片。同时缓释型花生配方肥也可提升花生氮肥、磷肥、钾肥的农学利用率,600 kg/hm^(2)处理的氮肥、磷肥、钾肥利用率均最高,分别达11.03、15.14、10.53 kg/kg,为植株生长、产量的形成及品质提升奠定了基础。综上,利用线性加平台肥效模型进行拟合,得出缓释型花生配方肥的适宜用量为538.62 kg/hm^(2)。
In order to explore the optimal dosage of slow-release peanut formula fertilizer in peanut field production, four different fertilization treatments(0, 450, 600 and 750 kg/ha) were set up in this study. The changes of peanut yield and related traits, chlorophyll content, dry matter mass, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium accumulation and agronomic utilization rate in each growth period were analyzed and determined. The results showed that the application of slow-release peanut formula fertilizer could significantly increase the yield of peanut and the content of chlorophyll in each growth period. The pod yield of 600 kg/ha treatment was the best, which was 5,938.65 kg/ha. In addition, the application of slow-release formula fertilizer could also significantly increase the accumulation of dry matter in peanut and promote the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in kernel, stem and leaf. The dry matter mass of peanut stem and leaf treated with 750 kg/ha reached the maximum, and the dry matter mass of peanut root, shell and kernel treated with 600 kg/ha reached the maximum. The accumulation of total nitrogen and total phosphorus was concentrated in kernel, stem and leaf, and the accumulation of total potassium was concentrated in stem and leaf. Simultaneously, slow-release peanut formula fertilizer could also improve the agronomic utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in peanut. The utilization rates of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer under 600 kg/ha treatment were the highest, reaching 11.03, 15.14 and 10.53 kg/kg, respectively, which laid a foundation for plant growth, yield formation and quality improvement. In summary, the suitable application amount of slow-release peanut formula fertilizer was 538.62 kg/ha by fitting the linear plus platform fertilizer effect model.
作者
熊文
韩德鹏
陈明
余喜初
张美薇
李亚贞
刘赟
陈荣华
饶文平
郑伟
XIONG Wen;HAN De-peng;CHEN Ming;YU Xi-chu;ZHANG Mei-wei;LI Ya-zhen;LIU Yun;CHEN Rong-hua;RAO Wen-ping;ZHENG Wei(Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil and Germplasm Resources/Key Lab. of Arable Land Improvement and Quality Improvement of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330046,China;Ganzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Ganzhou 341000,China)
出处
《花生学报》
北大核心
2025年第1期36-43,71,共9页
Journal of Peanut Science
基金
江西省油料产业技术体系(JXARS-02)
耕地改良与质量提升江西省重点实验室(2024SSY04223)
国家花生产业技术体系赣州综合试验站(CARS-13)。
关键词
缓释型配方肥
花生
产量
叶绿素
干物质
肥料农学利用率
slow-release formula fertilizer
peanut
yield
chlorophyll
dry matter
agronomic efficiency
