摘要
我国胃癌防治工作面临发病率高、疾病负担重、防控体系待完善等多重挑战,构建“预防-诊断-治疗”三位一体的精准防控体系已成为当务之急。在疾病预防维度,基于循证医学的幽门螺旋杆菌根除治疗展现出显著优势;高危肠上皮化生的内镜诊断新技术已启动临床转化,可精准识别高危肠上皮化生等癌前病变。诊断技术创新方面,新近报道的内镜分子成像和液体活检等早期胃癌筛查新技术能显著提升检出率。治疗策略优化层面,免疫、靶向和放疗等综合治疗以及基于分子分型的个性化治疗新策略,为不同分子亚型的胃癌患者带来临床获益。当前,高通量多组学测序与人工智能技术紧密融合;未来,这些新兴技术有望加快解决胃癌防控领域的诸多关键科学问题,促进基础与临床研究的跨越式发展,推动我国胃癌防治从经验医学、循证医学向精准医学的范式转变,最终实现发病率和病死率“双下降”的“健康中国”宏伟目标。
The prevention and treatment of gastric cancer in China confront multifaceted challenges,including high incidence rates,substantial disease burden and suboptimal management system.Establishing a precision gastric cancer control infrastructure with integrated“prevention,diagnosis and treatment”strategies has become an urgent public health priority.In terms of disease prevention,evidence-based eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori has demonstrated remarkable clinical advances.Novel endoscopic diagnostic technologies for precancerous lesions are under clinical translation,which accurately identify conditions such as high-risk intestinal metaplasia.Regarding innovative diagnostic technologies,cutting-edge endoscopic molecular imaging and liquid biopsy can significantly increase early detection rates of gastric cancer.In regard to treatment modalities,comprehensive clinical benefits have been achieved,largely through advances in immunotherapy,targeted therapy,radiotherapy,as well as treatment personalization based on cancer molecular subtyping.Moreover,high-throughput multi-omics sequencing is currently integrated with artificial intelligence technology.These pioneering technologies are projected to expedite resolution of pivotal scientific challenges in gastric cancer management,catalyzing transformative progress across basic-clinical research domains,driving China’s gastric cancer control paradigm shift from empirical medicine to precision frameworks,ultimately achieving the public health dual-goal of incidence and mortality rates in the near future.
作者
王斌
王涛
WANG Bin;WANG Tao(Department of Gastroenterology,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precise Prevention and Treatment of Digestive Malignancies,Army Medical Center of PLA/Daping Hospital of Third Military Medical University,Chongqing,China)
出处
《陆军军医大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第5期385-395,共11页
Journal of Army Medical University
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3402100)。
关键词
胃癌
预防
早期诊断
治疗
精准医学
gastric cancer
prevention
early diagnosis
treatment
precision medicine
