摘要
钾盐主要用于生产钾肥,其稳定供应事关粮食安全,已经成为世界各国高度关注的战略性矿产之一。本文在系统跟踪研究的基础上,分析了全球钾盐资源分布的特征,梳理了钾盐勘查开发和并购的形势,研判了中国在全球钾盐勘查开发格局中的地位与作用,提出了对钾盐勘查开发的未来展望,对于服务国家钾盐资源及粮食安全保障,指导国际合作具有重要意义。研究认为,全球钾盐呈现出区域分布集中、成矿时代以中新生代为主的分布特点;钾盐勘查主要由初级矿业公司主导投向大洋洲和南美洲等地区,投资额度逐年下降,勘查资源增量近九成集中在加拿大等5国;钾盐产量主要由10大钾盐公司掌控;矿业并购数量有限但不乏热点,高度集中在澳大利亚和加拿大。未来随着各国高度重视粮食安全,全球钾盐的需求有望稳中有升,产量增量预期主要来自于老挝等新兴钾盐资源国家。中国应在立足国内钾盐资源勘查开发基础上,重点聚焦亚洲和非洲的重点钾盐盆地,通过多元化方式获取钾盐资源,服务国家钾盐资源长期安全保障。
Potash is primarily used in the production of potash fertilizer,and its stable supply is closely tied to food security.As a result,it has become one of the strategic minerals of significant concern for countries worldwide.This paper analyzes the characteristics of global potash resource distribution,exploration development,mergers and acquisitions through systematic research.China's approach to global potash exploration and development offers promising future prospects for the industry.It is of great significance to contribute to China's food security and to promote international cooperation.Global potash exhibits a concentrated regional distribution,with the primary min⁃eralization occurring during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras.Potash exploration is primarily conducted by junior mining companies in Oceania and South America,although investment has decreased in recent years.Nearly 90%of the increase in potash resources is concentrated in five countries,including Canada.Potash production is primar⁃ily dominated by the top ten potash companies.The quantity of mergers and acquisitions in the mining sector is lim⁃ited;however,there are notable hotspots,primarily concentrated in Australia and Canada.In the future,countries will pay greater attention to food security supply,and the global demand for potash is expected to rise steadily.The increase in potash production is anticipated to primarily come from emerging potash resource countries,such as Laos.China should prioritize the exploration of key potash basins in Asia and Africa to secure potash resources through diversified methods,thereby ensuring the long-term security of the country's potash supply.
作者
陈秀法
何学洲
张振芳
CHEN Xiufa;HE Xuezhou;ZHANG Zhenfang(Development Research Center of China Geological Survey,Beijing 100037,China)
出处
《矿产勘查》
2025年第1期16-26,共11页
Mineral Exploration
基金
中国地质调查局项目“战略性矿产资源政策与投资环境评价”(DD20211404)资助。
关键词
全球
钾盐资源
分布特征
勘查开发
格局
global
potash resources
distribution characteristics
exploration&development
pattern
