摘要
重金属是一类典型的持久性污染物,能通过呼吸、饮水以及食物链传递等多种途径进入生物体,可在植物、动物、微生物和人类间进行循环;同时伴随重金属的转移以及价态或形态的转化,不同价态或形态的重金属可能存在显著的毒性差异而对生物体产生典型毒害作用。在食品生产中,原料、加工以及人体消化代谢等过程均可能引起重金属的价态、形态以及总量发生变化,从而显著影响其毒性的变化。目前,针对食品中重金属的风险评估,忽视了其形态或价态的改变所带来的风险。本文综述了重金属在食品产业链中因其转移与转化所引起的风险,对科学评估重金属通过食物链进入人体的毒害具有重要意义,尤其是重金属在转移与形态或价态转化过程中所产生的异质性危害,旨在为科学评估食品中重金属污染提供理论指导。
Heavy metal is a typical persistent pollutant,which can enter organisms through various ways such as respiration,drinking water and food chain transmission,and can be circulated among plants,animals,microorganisms and humans.At the same time,with the transfer of heavy metals and the transformation of valence or form,heavy metals with different valence or form may have significant toxicity differences and produce typical toxic effects on organisms.In food production,raw materials,processing,and human digestion and metabolism may cause changes in the valence,morphology,and total amount of heavy metals,thereby significantly affecting their toxicity.At present,in the risk assessment of heavy metals in food,the risks caused by changes in their morphology or valence are ignored.This paper reviews the risks caused by the transfer and transformation of heavy metals in the food industry chain,which is of great significance for the scientific assessment of the toxicity of heavy metals entering the human body through the food chain,especially the heterogeneous hazards of heavy metal in the process of transfer and speciation or valence transformation,in order to provide theoretical guidance for the scientific assessment of heavy metal pollution in food.
作者
刘海泉
陈蒙蒙
潘迎捷
谢庆超
赵勇
LIU Haiquan;CHEN Mengmeng;PAN Yingjie;XIE Qingchao;ZHAO Yong(College of Food Sciences and Technology,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Product Processing&Preservation,Shanghai 201306,China;Laboratory of Quality&Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Product on Storage and Preservation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affiairs,Shanghai 201306,China)
出处
《上海海洋大学学报》
北大核心
2025年第1期223-236,共14页
Journal of Shanghai Ocean University
基金
上海市科技兴农技术创新项目(2024-02-08-00-12-F00038)。
关键词
食品
重金属
异质性
风险
食品产业链
food
heavy metals
heterogeneity
risk
food supply chain
