摘要
目的了解2021年合肥市青少年近视情况及其影响因素,为近视防控提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,对2021年合肥市小学四年级至高中三年级学生进行问卷调查和视力检查,多因素logistic回归分析近视的影响因素。结果共调查学生1682人,近视检出率为48.33%。女生近视检出率(56.13%)高于男生(41.41%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=36.344,P<0.01);小学、初中、高中近视检出率分别为24.90%、50.94%和62.01%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=167.679,P<0.01),随着年级阶段的增加近视检出率呈上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=74.018,P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,女生(OR=1.99,95%CI:1.59~2.49)、高年级(OR=1.35,95%CI:1.27~1.44)、作业时间长(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.16~1.43)、读写休息间隔2~<3 h(OR=3.63,95%CI:1.14~11.51)、遗传史(仅父亲近视:OR=2.41,95%CI:1.73~3.36;仅母亲近视:OR=1.81,95%CI:1.34~2.44;父母均近视:OR=4.35,95%CI:2.95~6.43)是青少年近视的危险因素。结论合肥市青少年近视检出率较高,需加强青少年科学用眼的健康教育,应合理安排作业时间,增加户外活动时长和睡眠时间,以保护视力健康。
Objective To understand the current situation of myopia among adolescents in Hefei City and analyze the influencing factors of myopia,to privide basis for myopia of prevention and control of myopia.Methods Using stratified cluster sampling,a questionnaire survey and vision examination were conducted among students from grades four to six in primary schools,junior high schools,and high schools in Hefei City.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the influencing factors of myopia.Results A total of 1682 adolescents participated in the survey,with a myopia rate of 48.33%.The myopia rate of girls(56.13%)was higher than that of boys(41.41%)with a statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=36.344,P<0.01).The myopia rates were 24.90%for primary school students,50.94%for junior high school students,and 62.01%for senior high school students,respectively,and the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=167.679,P<0.01).In addition,the myopia rate of each school age group increased with the school period increase(χ^(2)_(trend)=74.018,P<0.01).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of myopia was higher for females(OR=1.99,95%CI:1.59-2.49),senior grade students(OR=1.35,95%CI:1.27-1.44),those with longer homework time(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.16-1.43),reading and writing intervals of two to three hours(OR=3.63,95%CI:1.14-11.51),and those with a genetic history of myopia(father with myopia:OR=2.41,95%CI:1.73-3.36;mother with myopia:OR=1.81,95%CI:1.34-2.44;both parents with myopia:OR=4.35,95%CI:2.95-6.43).Conclusions The rate of myopia detection is high among adolescents in Hefei City.In order to protect eyesight,it is necessary to further strengthen the health education of using the eyes scientifically for adolescents in Hefei City,properly arrange homework time,and prolong outdoor activity time and sleeping time.
作者
郭倩
王莉萍
陈国平
蒋薇薇
范引光
GUO Qian;WANG Liping;CHEN Guoping;JIANG Weiwei;FAN Yinguang(Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,School of Public Health,Anhui Medical University,Hefei,Anhui230032,China;不详)
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
2025年第1期55-60,共6页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
基金
人口健康与优生安徽省重点实验室开放课题(JKYS20212)。
关键词
近视
青少年
影响因素
Myopia
Adolescents
Influencing factors
