摘要
日本曾是全球半导体产业的领头羊,进入20世纪90年代,因未能及时应对产业通商关系和技术体系变化,逐渐丧失了半导体产业霸权国地位。20世纪90年代后,通过巩固和完善官产学一体化技术攻关模式、加大专项财政扶持力度与人才培养力度、颁布相关政策法令、强化出口管制、积极与世界半导体强势力量谋求合作等系列措施,为半导体产业复兴保驾护航。日本通过研发升级半导体关键原材料、加速布局半导体加工制造、封测设备以及重振中高端存储芯片三条路径,开展半导体产业的全面复兴。2013年至2023年,日本在半导体关键原材料、半导体加工制造与封测设备以及半导体元器件和芯片集成电路领域的出口数据呈现出稳中向好的发展趋势,尤其是在关键原材料、加工制造与封测设备领域稳居世界前列。日本半导体产业的全面复兴将对其自身和全球产生重大影响,其发展复兴路径也为我国半导体产业强化自主创新能力、争取产业发展主动权提供了思路。
Japan,once a leader in global semiconductor industry,gradually lost its position as a hegemonic power inthis field in the 1990s due to its failure to respond to changes in industrial trade relations and technological system.Though silent for a long time,it has not disappeared from the semiconductorsector.To ensure the revival of the semiconductor industry,Japan has taken a series of measures sush asconsolidating and improvingthe government-industry-and-university integration model,increasing special financial support and personnel training,promulgatingrelevant policies and regulations,strengthening export control,and actively seeking cooperation with the world'ssemiconductor powerhouses.It has carried out a comprehensive revival of the semiconductor industry through research and development to upgrade key raw materials for semiconductors,accelerate the layout of semiconductor processing and manufacturing,seal and test equipment,and revitalize middle and high-end memory chips.From 2013 to 2023,Japan's export data in the field of semiconductor key raw materials,semiconductor processing and manufacturing,andsealing and testing equipment,semiconductor components and chip integrated circuits showed a good and steady development trend,especially in key raw materials,and processing and manufacturing,and sealing and testing equipment where it has become a top-ranked player in the world.The comprehensive revival of Japan's semiconductor industry will have a marked impact onJapan and the rest of the world,and its development and revival path will also give China's semiconductor industry some enlightenmentto strengthen its independent innovation and strive for the initiative of industrial development.
作者
赵磊
孙雁冰
Zhao Lei;Sun Yanbing
出处
《日本研究》
2024年第3期21-34,共14页
Japan Studies
基金
省社科联2024年度辽宁省经济社会发展研究课题“日本半导体出口管制措施对辽宁半导体设备进口的影响及应对策略研究”(项目编号:2024lslybkt-029)
辽宁大学亚洲研究中心亚洲问题研究项目“美国半导体出口管制措施对东北亚区域半导体产业链的冲击”(项目编号:Y202304)。
关键词
日本半导体
产业复兴
关键原材料
加工制造封测设备
存储芯片
Nippon Semiconductor
Industrial revival
Key raw material
Processing and manufacturing,and sealing and testing equipment
Memory chip
