摘要
目的了解甘肃省甘南藏族自治州包虫病流行状况,为今后因地制宜采取有效防控措施提供科学依据。方法收集2007-2022年甘南藏族自治州8个县(市)疾病预防控制中心的包虫病调查资料,包括患者的一般信息、流行病学资料及当地动物感染情况,采用描述性流行病学方法,回顾性分析包虫病患者的流行病学特征及动物的感染情况。结果2007-2022年,共筛查873919人,检出包虫病患者1166例,患病率为133.42/105,其中2007年患病率最高(442.16/105,97/21938),2022年最低(38.40/105,21/55126);不同年份间患病率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=700.90,P<0.001)。男性528例(45.28%)、女性638例(54.72%),男女性别比为1.00∶1.21。人群感染类型以囊型包虫病为主(99.31%,1158/1166)。牧民患者最多(68.44%,798/1166),农民次之(23.76%,277/1166)。玛曲县患病率最高(291.54/105,269/92270),夏河县次之(223.23/105,375/167990),舟曲县最低(4.20/105,2/47588)。儿童血清棘球蚴抗体阳性率为3.24%(2399/74116),其中2008年阳性率最高(8.42%,413/4907),2016年最低(1.36%,85/6267);不同年份间阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=898.00,P<0.001)。家犬棘球绦虫阳性率为3.60%(5037/139783),其中2007年阳性率最高(11.88%,335/2819),2022年最低(0.19%,11/5920);不同年份间阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=2202.00,P<0.001)。家畜棘球蚴感染率为1.83%(1654/90350),其中2007年最高(8.84%,235/2658),2022年最低(0.15%,5/3273);不同年份间感染率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=1596.00,P<0.001)。结论甘肃省甘南藏族自治州包虫病流行范围广,受威胁人口多,各年龄段均有发病,感染类型多为囊型包虫病,患病率最高的职业为牧民。动物感染数逐年下降。未来应加强包虫病防治健康教育,提高人群防病意识。
Objective To study the epidemiological situation of echinococcosis in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu Province,and provide a scientific basis for taking effective prevention and control measures according to local conditions in the future.Methods Survey data on echinococcosis patients from disease prevention and control centers in 8 counties(cities)of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture from 2007 to 2022 were collected,including general information,epidemiological data of patients,and local animal infection.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to retrospectively analyze the epidemiological characteristics of patients and infected animals.Results From 2007 to 2022,a total of 873919 people were screened and 1166 cases of echinococcosis were confirmed,with a prevalence rate of 133.42/105,with the highest prevalence rate in 2007(442.16/105,97/21938),and the lowest in 2022(38.40/105,21/55126).There was a statistically significant difference in prevalence rates between different years(χ^(2)=700.90,P<0.001).Including 528 males(45.28%),and 638 females(54.72%).The gender ratio was 1.00∶1.21.The predominant type of disease was cystic hydatid disease(99.31%,1158/1166).Herdsmen had the highest number of patients(68.44%,798/1166),followed by farmers(23.76%,277/1166).Maqu County had the highest prevalence rate(291.54/105,269/92270),followed by Xiahe County(223.23/105,375/167990),and Zhouqu County had the lowest(4.20/105,2/47588).The positive rate of serum echinococcosis antibodies in children was 3.24%(2399/74116),with the highest positive rate in 2008(8.42%,413/4907)and the lowest in 2016(1.36%,85/6267).There was a statistically significant difference between different years(χ^(2)=898.00,P<0.001).The infection rate of Echinococcus granulosus in domestic dogs was 3.60%(5037/139783),with the highest positive rate in 2007(11.88%,335/2819),and the lowest rate in 2022(0.19%,11/5920).There was a statistically significant difference between different years(χ^(2)=2202.00,P<0.001).The infection rate of livestock echinococcosis was 1.83%(1654/90350),with the highest rate in 2007(8.84%,235/2658)and the lowest in 2022(0.15%,5/3273).There was a statistically significant difference between different years(χ^(2)=1596.00,P<0.001).Conclusions The prevalence of echinococcosis in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Gansu Province is wide,with a large number of threatened populations and outbreaks in all age groups.The infection type is mostly cystic echinococcosis,and the occupation with the highest infection rate is herders.The number of animal infections has been decreasing year by year.In the future,health education on prevention and treatment of echinococcosis should be strengthened to enhance the awareness of disease prevention among the population.
作者
尚文杰
王亮
Shang Wenjie;Wang Liang(Department of Endemic Diseases,Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Gansu Province,Hezuo 747000,China;Department of Internal Medicine,Wudu District Central Hospital,Longnan City,Gansu Province,Longnan 746212,China)
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
北大核心
2024年第12期992-996,共5页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
关键词
包虫病
患病率
感染率
流行特征
Echinococcosis
Prevalence rate
Infection rate
Epidemiological characteristics
