摘要
目的调查分析我国健康服务与管理专业本科毕业生就业现况。方法于2023年4月至2024年6月,采用方便抽样法选取我国34所高校健康服务与管理专业本科毕业生进行横断面调查,采集一般资料(性别、毕业时户籍、是否为独生子女、家庭人均月收入、是否担任过学生干部、学业绩点、兼职经历、创业经历、是否为本校本专业首届毕业生、专业能力水平自我评价)和就业情况。采用统计描述分析毕业生就业基本情况、岗位能力和专业技能需求现况、用人单位看重的专业素养和证书类型、择业影响因素、对工作及专业的评价、对专业就业前景看法。本次研究共收回问卷1417份,其中有效问卷1315份(92.8%)。采用χ^(2)检验比较不同因素间的就业情况差异,二元logistic回归分析就业的影响因素。结果564名健康服务与管理专业已工作毕业生中,在健康管理公司工作者98名(17.4%),在医院工作者97名(17.2%);564名已工作毕业生中,分别有413名(73.2%)、409名(72.5%)和364名(64.5%)认为信息收集与统计分析、组织协调和沟通表达是重要的岗位能力;认为用人单位较看重健康风险评估、健康测量、健康教育与促进等关键专业技能者分别有175名(66.3%)、160名(60.6%)、152名(57.6%),看重健康管理师职业资格证书者281名(49.8%);认为薪酬待遇、个人兴趣爱好是择业重点考虑因素者分别有454名(80.5%)、279名(49.5%);397名(70.4%)已工作毕业生对该专业持有积极评价,但仅有274名(48.6%)看好本专业就业前景。二元logistic回归分析显示,有无兼职经历(OR=1.31)、学业绩点的高低(OR=0.61、0.68)与就业情况均显著相关(均P<0.05)。结论我国健康服务与管理专业本科毕业生在健康服务市场就业占比低,岗位专业匹配度低,毕业生对专业未来就业前景不乐观。这可能由于高校人才培养定位不清晰,就业市场不完善等所致。
Objective To investigate and analyze the employment status of college graduates majoring in health service and management in China.Methods From April 2023 to June 2024,a cross-sectional survey was conducted on undergraduate graduates majoring in health service and management from 34 universities in China using convenient sampling method.General information was collected(such as gender,household registration at graduation,only child status,average monthly family income,previous experience as a student cadre,average grade point,part-time job experience,entrepreneurial experience,whether a first batch graduate of the university and the major,self-assessment of professional competence level)alongside employment status.Statistical descriptive analysis was employed to analyze the graduates′basic employment situation,job competence and professional skill demand,types of certificates valued by employers,factors influencing job selection,evaluation of work and profession,and perceptions of professional employment prospects.A total of 1417 questionnaires were collected in this study,with 1315 valid responses(92.8%).Chi-square tests were used to compare employment differences among various factors,and binary logistic regression was used to analyze factors influencing employment outcomes.Results Among 564 employed graduates in the Health Services and Management field,98(17.4%)work in health management companies and 97(17.2%)in hospitals.Regarding important job competencies,413(73.2%),409(72.5%),and 364(64.5%)respectively emphasized the importance of information collection and statistical analysis,organizational coordination,and communication skills.Key professional skills highly valued by employers included health risk assessment 175(66.3%),health measurement 160(60.6%),and health education and promotion 152(57.6%).Additionally,281(49.8%)highlighted the importance of Health Management Professional Qualification Certificates.Factors influencing job choices included salary and benefits 454(80.5%)and personal interests and hobbies 279(49.5%).While 397(70.4%)of the graduates provided positive feedback on their profession,only 274(48.6%)were optimistic about their future job prospects.Binary logistic regression analysis indicated significant correlations(all P<0.05)between employment outcomes and factors such as part-time work experience(OR=1.31)and average grade point(OR=0.61,0.68).Conclusions The employment rate of undergraduate graduates majoring in health service and management in China is low in the health service market,with a low degree of job specialization matching.Graduates are not optimistic about the future employment prospects in their field,possibly due to unclear positioning in talent cultivation in universities and an imperfect job market.
作者
陈宏坤
周雨晨
孙瑜欢
易旸
司建平
刘淑聪
任建萍
王大辉
Chen Hongkun;Zhou Yuchen;Sun Yuhuan;Yi Yang;Si Jianping;Liu Shucong;Ren Jianping;Wang Dahui(School of Public Health,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China;School of Management,Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,China)
出处
《中华健康管理学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第10期777-782,共6页
Chinese Journal of Health Management
基金
全国中医药高等教育“十四五”规划2023年度教育科研课题(YB-23-17)
浙江省教育厅高校“十四五”教学改革项目(jg20220480)
河南省教育科学规划2023年度一般课题(2023YB0124)
杭州师范大学公共卫生学院教改项目(GWJG202203)。
关键词
健康管理
健康服务
教育
医学
本科
就业
职业认同
Health management
Health services
Education,medicine,undergraduate
Employment
Vocational identity
