摘要
窟野河流域是黄河粗泥沙的集中来源区,水土流失严重。近年来,伴随着一系列重大水利和生态工程的实施,该区水土流失治理和生态修复工作取得了极大的成效,但该区地处砒砂岩丘陵沟壑区与毛乌素沙地的过渡地带,水蚀、风蚀问题仍旧严峻,生态环境依然脆弱,治理质量亟待提质增效。众多学者在该地区土壤侵蚀机理研究方面取得了丰富的成果,但该地区水文下垫面复杂多变,侵蚀类型多样复合,前人的研究仍沿用黄土高原区的理论与方法,极大地限制了砒砂岩区土壤侵蚀机理研究的发展。本文结合前人的研究成果和作者的科研经验,概括了窟野河流域治理成效,梳理了该地区土壤侵蚀机理与生态修复技术,对该地区水土流失治理中存在的问题进行剖析,发现窟野河流域的复合侵蚀机理研究相对薄弱,需要对区域水分承载能力阈值的精准厘定,且该地区的水土保持措施社会经济效益有待提升,水土保持监管需向智慧化转型,为未来窟野河流域土壤侵蚀机理研究和生态修复技术发展提供方向。
The ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin are key national strategies in China.Kuye River Basin is a major area for soil erosion and the primary source of coarse sediment in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River Basin.In recent years,with the implementation of a series of major water conservancy and ecological projects,significant achievements have been made in soil erosion control and ecological restoration in this area.However,this area,situated in the transition zone between the Pisha sandstone hilly and gully area and the Mu Us sandy land,still faces severe water and wind erosion.The ecological environment remains fragile,and governance quality needs urgent improvement.Numerous scholars have made significant contributions to understanding the soil erosion mechanism in this area,but the hydrological underlying surface in this area is complex and changeable,and the erosion types are diverse and complex.Previous studies still adhere to the theories and methods of the Loess Plateau,significantly limiting the development of soil erosion mechanism research in Pisha sandstone area.Based on the previous research results and the author's scientific research experience,this paper summarizes the achievements of Kuye River Basin,sorts out the soil erosion mechanism and ecological restoration technology in this area,analyzes the problems existing in the soil and water loss control in this area,and finds that the research on the composite erosion mechanism of Kuye River Basin is relatively weak.Accurate determination of the regional water carrying capacity threshold is necessary,and the social and economic benefits of soil and water conservation measures in this area need improvement.The supervision of soil and water conservation needs to be transformed into wisdom,which provides direction for future research on soil erosion mechanism and ecological restoration in the Kuye River Basin.
作者
高海燕
王鑫
杨振奇
薛志宏
GAO Haiyan;WANG Xin;YANG Zhenqi;XUE Zhihong(Ordos Vocational College of Ecological Environment,Ordos 017000,China;College of Desert Control Science and Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 0100ll,China;Institute of Pastoral Water Conservancy Science Research,the Ministry of Water Resources,Hohhot 010020,China)
出处
《内蒙古大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2024年第3期329-336,共8页
Journal of Inner Mongolia University：Natural Science Edition
基金
内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2021BS04009)
内蒙古科技计划项目(2021GG0052)
内蒙古“科技兴蒙”行动重点专项(2022EEDSKJXM003)
鄂尔多斯市科技计划项目“窟野河上游砒砂岩区典型流域智慧水土保持技术研究”。
关键词
窟野河
黄河多沙粗沙区
土壤侵蚀
生态修复
Kuye river
coarse sand area of the Yellow River
soil erosion
ecological restoration
