摘要
在“碳达峰、碳中和”战略背景下,氢能的重要性不断提升。当前,基于“电-氢-电”过程的氢储能总体处于示范应用阶段,储能成本是其形成竞争力的关键,但是关于规模化氢储能平准化成本(LCOES)的针对性研究未见报道。本文首先建立氢储能LCOES模型,对25 MW规模的氢储能电站系统进行了定量分析,而后预测了未来场景下的LCOES水平。结果表明,氢储能系统LCOES为4.758元/kWh,初始投资中制氢系统占比最高(44.66%),运行成本中制氢成本占比最高(42.99%)。电价对氢储能成本有一定影响,其每下降0.1元/kWh,LCOES降幅8.18%。虽然提升发电效率难度较大,但对氢储能的经济性非常关键,其每提升10%,LCOES平均降幅11.88%~12.50%。制氢系统和发电系统设备价格同时下降10%可带来LCOES 6.06%的降幅。储能时长对LCOES的影响较大,尤其是在时长较短时。当储能时长在4~8 h范围时,每增加1 h时长可使LCOES平均下降0.394元/kWh。未来随着水电解制氢和燃料电池设备价格的下降及效率的提升,氢储能有望成为长时、长周期储能领域具有竞争力的技术路线。
In line with the"carbon peak,carbon neutral"initiative,the significance of hydrogen energy is increasingly recognized.Currently,hydrogen energy storage,based on the"electrichydrogen-electric"process,is primarily in the demonstration application phase,with energy storage cost being a critical factor for its competitiveness.However,targeted research on the levelized cost of large-scale hydrogen energy storage(LCOES)is lacking.This study addresses this gap by establishing an LCOES model for hydrogen energy storage power and conducting quantitative analysis on a 25 MW scale hydrogen energy storage power station system.Subsequently,LCOES levels are projected for future scenarios.The findings reveal that the LCOES of the hydrogen energy storage system is 4.758 CNY/kWh.Capital expenditures are primarily attributed to the hydrogen production system(44.66%),while operational expenditures are dominated by hydrogen production costs(42.99%).Electricity prices notably influence hydrogen energy storage costs,with every 0.1 CNY/kWh decrease resulting in an 8.18%reduction in LCOES.Although enhancing power generation efficiency is challenging,it substantially impacts the economics of hydrogen energy storage,with every 10%increase leading to an 11.88%to 12.50%reduction in LCOES.A 10%decrease in the prices of hydrogen production and power generation system equipment correlates with a 6.06%decrease in LCOES.Energy storage duration markedly affects LCOES,particularly with shorter durations.Within the 4 to 8 h range,each additional hour of energy storage could decrease LCOES by an average of 0.394 CNY/kWh.As hydrogen production and fuel cell equipment prices decline and efficiency improves,hydrogen energy storage is anticipated to emerge as a competitive technical solution for long-term and extended-duration energy storage applications.
作者
林旗力
陈珍
王晓虎
戚宏勋
王伟
LIN Qili;CHEN Zhen;WANG Xiaohu;QI Hongxun;WANG Wei(Engineering Technology Institute for Energy Storage of China Power Engineering Consulting Group Co.,LTD,Shanghai 200333,China;Polytechnic Institute of Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,Zhejiang,China)
出处
《储能科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第6期2068-2077,共10页
Energy Storage Science and Technology
基金
中国电力工程顾问集团有限公司重大科技专项(DG3-A02-2023)。
关键词
氢储能
电-氢-电
规模化
平准化储能成本
经济性分析
hydrogen energy storage
electric-hydrogen-electric
large-scale
levelized cost of energy storage
economic analysis
