摘要
为研究秸秆沼渣有机肥理化特性以及在化肥施用量一致的条件下,配施不同用量秸秆沼渣有机肥对菜心生长、产量、经济效益的影响,采用室内室外相结合的研究方法,以秸秆基沼渣有机肥和70圆叶菜心为供试材料,在对秸秆基沼渣有机肥容重、孔隙度、EC、pH、发芽指数,以及养分含量分析的基础上,以常规施化肥量为对照(CK),设置了15 t·hm^(-2)秸秆沼渣有机肥+300 kg·hm^(-2)复合肥(T1)、22.5 t·hm^(-2)秸秆沼渣有机肥+300 kg·hm^(-2)复合肥(T2)、30.0 t·hm^(-2)秸秆沼渣有机肥+300 kg·hm^(-2)复合肥(T3)共4个处理。结果表明:秸秆沼渣有机肥疏松多孔,呈黄褐色,整体偏碱性;容重为0.29 g·cm^(-3),发芽指数为82.78%。全氮含量为20.29 g·kg^(-1),有机质含量为61.82 g·kg^(-1),是菜心生长的优质有机肥;随着菜心生育期的推进,T2处理株高显著高于CK处理,生长速率由高到低为T2>CK>T3>T1,茎粗的生长速率由高到低为T2>T3>T1>CK;施用秸秆沼渣有机肥处理产量均高于CK处理,T2处理产量显著高于CK处理50.54%,除去用工、平整土地、机械、种子、肥料、农药等投入,施用秸秆沼渣有机肥处理的经济效益均高于CK,T2处理的效益为7.96万元·hm^(-2),与CK处理相比,增加了1.81万元·hm^(-2)。综上所述,T2处理能有效促进菜心的生长,提高菜心产量,产生较高经济效益。
This study was to investigate the characteristics of organic fertilizers derived from straw-based biogas sludge and evaluate their effects on the growth,yield,and economic returns of Chinese flowering cabbage.The experiment was conducted under the condition of uniform chemical fertilizer application.The experiment was conducted by utilizing a research method that combined both indoor and outdoor settings.Straw-based biogas sludge organic fertilizer and 70 round-leaf cauliflowers were selected as the materials for the test.After the bulk density,porosity,electrical conductivity(EC),pH,germination index,and nutrient content of the straw-based biogas sludge organic fertilizer had been analyzed,four treatments were then established:the conventional application rate of chemical fertilizers was used as the control(CK);15 tonnes per hectare of straw biogas sludge organic fertilizer combined with 300 kilograms per hectare of compound fertilizer constituted Treatment 1(T1);22.5 tonnes per hectare of straw biogas sludge organic fertilizer mixed with 300 kilograms per hectare of compound fertilizer formed Treatment 2(T2);30.0 tonnes per hectare of straw biogas sludge organic fertilizer together with 300 kilograms per hectare of compound fertilizer comprised Treatment 3(T3).The results showed that the straw biogas sludge organic fertilizer was distinguished by its loose and porous texture,exhibiting a yellowish-brown color and an inherent alkaline property.It boasted a bulk density of 0.29 g·cm^(-3),alongside a notable germination index of 82.78%.The measured total nitrogen content stood at 20.29 g·kg^(-1),and the organic matter content was impressive at 61.82 g·kg^(-1),qualifying it as an excellent organic fertilizer for nurturing Chinese flowering cabbage.Throughout the growth cycle of the Chinese flowering cabbage,it was observed that plants in the T2 treatment group attained significantly greater heights over those in the CK control group.The growth rates for plant height followed a descending order:T2>CK>T3>T1,and similarly for stem thickness:T2>T3>T1>CK.Yields from areas treated with the straw biogas sludge organic fertilizer surpassed those in the CK group for all treatments,with the T2 treatment outperforming the CK by an impressive 50.54%.After the costs for labor,land leveling,machinery,seeds,fertilizers,and pesticides had been deducted,it was determined that the economic benefits derived from the treatments using straw biogas sludge organic fertilizer were higher than those from the CK treatment.The T2 treatment had yielded an economic benefit of 79600 yuan per hectare,which represented an increase of 18100 yuan per hectare compared to the CK treatment.In conclusion,the T2 treatment was shown to effectively enhance the growth of Chinese flowering cabbage,leading to a significant increase in yield and yielding higher economic returns.
作者
周静
牛海晖
乔健
郭俊辉
刘聪明
史向远
ZHOU Jing;NIU Haihui;QIAO Jian;GUO Junhui;LIU Congming;SHI Xiangyuan(Shanxi Energy Investment Biomass Energy Development and Utilization Company Limited,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030031,China;Shanxi Academy of Organic Dryland Agriculture,Shanxi Agriculture University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030031,China)
出处
《天津农业科学》
CAS
2024年第4期49-53,共5页
Tianjin Agricultural Sciences
基金
科企合作项目“供港蔬菜沼渣基专用有机肥开发及试验应用研究项目”(XDNY20201101)
山西农业大学(山西省农科院)农业科技创新工程项目“农业废弃物厌氧处理及循环增值利用关键技术研究”(YGC2019TD07)。
关键词
菜心
秸秆沼渣有机肥
产量
经济效益
Chinese flowering cabbage
straw-based biogas sludge organic fertilizer
yield
economic benefits
