摘要
目的了解河南省居民新冠病毒疫苗接种犹豫状况,探讨其影响因素及作用机制,为治理新冠疫苗犹豫提供对策。方法采用滚雪球抽样的方法,于2021年8月使用一般资料调查表、生活行为方式调查表、医生和疫苗开发者量表对居民进行调查。对新冠疫苗犹豫特征进行描述性分析,通过主成分分析提取潜在变量,构建结构方程模型分析居民新冠疫苗犹豫的影响因素。结果共调查河南省4962名居民,其中有272名(5.48%)居民出现新冠疫苗犹豫。结构方程模型分析结果发现,社会经济特征和生活方式对新冠疫苗犹豫有直接影响(P<0.001),其中社会经济特征总效应为-0.574(直接效应-0.548,间接效应-0.026),生活方式对新冠疫苗犹豫的作用大小为-0.067(P=0.005);医疗系统信任和新冠防护行为对疫苗犹豫的直接影响差异无统计学意义(P=0.053,P=0.739),其可通过与社会经济特征的相关性来作用于新冠疫苗犹豫。结论河南省居民新冠疫苗犹豫率处于较低的水平,疫苗犹豫影响因素中社会经济特征的总效应最大,其次是生活方式,医疗系统信任和新冠防护行为通过影响社会经济特征进而作用于新冠疫苗犹豫。
Objective To clarify the status of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy,explore the influencing factors and their mechanism,and provide reference for further reducing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.Methods Snowball sampling was used to select residerts,and a questionnaire survey was conducted in August 2021 using general situation questionnaire,lifestyle questionnaire,doctor and vaccine developer scale.The characteristics of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was conducted by descriptive analysis and the potential variables were extracted by principal component analysis.Structural equation model was constructed to analyze the influencing factors.Results A total of 4962 residents in Henan Province were recruited,and the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was 5.48%.The model demonstrated that economy characteristics and lifestyle had a direct impact on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy(P<0.001),and the total effect was-0.574(direct effect:-0.548;indirect effect:-0.026),the effect of lifestyle on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was-0.067(P=0.005).Trust in health system and COVID-19 prevention behavior had no significant impact on vaccine hesitancy(P=0.053,P=0.739),which could affect vaccine hesitancy through affecting economy characteristics.Conclusion The prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among residents of Henan Province is at a low level.The total effect of economy characteristics is the largest among the factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy,followed by lifestyle.Trust in health system and COVID-19 prevention behavior affects COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy through influencing economy characteristics.
作者
徐东阳
董文咏
吴建
苗豫东
王宇晖
曾鑫
XU Dongyang;DONG Wenyong;WU Jian;MIAO Yudong;WANG Yuhui;ZENG Xin(School of Public Health,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,450001,China;不详)
出处
《中国社会医学杂志》
2023年第6期664-669,共6页
Chinese Journal of Social Medicine
基金
国家社科基金项目(21BGL222)
郑州市协同创新重大专项(20XTZX05015)。
关键词
新冠病毒
疫苗犹豫
疫苗接种
基础免疫
结构方程模型
影响因素
COVID-19
Vaccine hesitancy
Vaccination
Basic immunity
Structural equation model
Influencing factors
